To　deepen　the　application　and　development　of　3D　Printing　Construction　Technology,　the　rheological　characteristics,　compressive　strength　and　bending　performance　of　3D　printed　polyvinyl　alcohol　fiber　(PVA　fiber)　reinforced　cement-based　material　were　explored.　The　direction　of　the　intralayer　interfaces　and　the　fiber＇s　distribution　direction　caused　the　anisotropy　of　3D　printed　PVA　fiber　reinforced　cement-based　material.　The　printed　specimens　presented　different　failure　patterns　in　different　compressive　directions,　and　there　was　certain　anisotropy　in　the　X,　Y　and　Z　directions.　For　the　bending　performance,　the　load-midpoint　deflection　curves　of　casted　specimens　and　the　Z(x)　direction　of　printed　specimens　showed　the　strain　hardening　behavior,　while　the　Z(y)　direction　of　printed　specimens　did　not.　Compared　with　the　Z(y)　specimen,　the　bending　strength　of　the　Z(x)　specimen　was　about　3　similar　to　4　times　higher,　and　the　peak　deflection　was　about　an　order　of　magnitude　higher.　The　anisotropy　of　the　printed　specimen　can　be　used　to　improve　the　bending　performance　in　a　specific　loading　direction　to　a　certain　extent.