To　gain　a　profound　understanding　of　the　reaction　pathway　and　the　controlling　step　of　residue　oil　slurry-phase　hydrocracking　over　Fe2O3　catalyst,　a　six-lumped　kinetic　model　was　proposed　and　employed　to　acquire　the　kinetic　rate　constants　based　on　each　fraction　yield　obtained　at　400　to　420　°C　under　initial　H2　pressures　of　8　to　10　MPa　for　1　to　3　h.　The　optimal　kinetic　rate　constant　for　each　step　of　vacuum　residue　(VR)　conversion　process　was　determined　via　Levenberg-Marquardt　algorithm　and　the　sum　of　squares　error　(SSE).　The　results　reveal　that　VR　converted　into　naphtha　and　diesel　is　dominant　according　to　their　kinetic　rate　constants,　followed　by　the　conversion　of　vacuum　gas　oil　(VGO)　to　diesel,　diesel　to　naphtha,　and　diesel　to　gas.　Furthermore,　the　sensitivity　analysis　confirms　a　strong　agreement　between　the　predicted　and　experimental　values.　The　combination　of　kinetic　rate　constants　and　activation　energy　illustrates　that　the　gas　product　primarily　originates　from　naphtha.　Additionally,　the　higher　H2　pressure　effectively　mitigates　coke　deposition　by　restricting　the　aggregation　of　polycyclic　aromatics,　as　evidenced　by　the　increase　in　the　reaction　activation　energy　for　the　conversion　of　VR　to　coke　and　the　analysis　of　the　used　catalyst.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd