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The excessive use of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) following the COVID-19 pandemic has raised substantial concerns regarding their biosafety. Overuse of QACs has been associated with chronic biological adverse effects, including genotoxicity or carcinogenicity. In particular, inadvertent intravascular administration or oral ingestion of QACs can lead to fatal acute toxicity. To enhance the biosafety and antimicrobial efficacy of QACs, this study reports a new series of QACs, termed as PACs, with the alkyl chain of benzalkonium substituted by a phthalocyanine moiety. Firstly, the rigid phthalocyanine moiety enhances the selectivity of QACs to bacteria over human cells and reduces alkyl chain's entropic penalty of binding to bacterial membranes. Furthermore, phthalocyanine neutralizes hemolysis and cytotoxicity of QACs by binding with albumin in plasma. Our experimental results demonstrate that PACs inherit the optical properties of phthalocyanine and validate the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of PACs in vitro. Moreover, the intravascular administration of the most potent PAC, PAC1a, significantly reduced bacterial burden and ameliorated inflammation level in a bacteria induced septic mouse model. This study presents a new strategy to improve the antimicrobial efficacy and biosafety of QACs, thus expanding their range of applications to the treatment of systemic infections.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
ISSN: 0304-3894
Year: 2023
Volume: 460
1 2 . 2
JCR@2023
1 2 . 2 0 0
JCR@2023
JCR Journal Grade:1
CAS Journal Grade:1
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 10
SCOPUS Cited Count: 12
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 2