Background:　Bioactivity　and　self-assembly　are　two　important　properties　of　peptides.　Over　the　past　several　de-cades,　rapid　advances　have　been　made　in　the　application　of　bioactive　peptide　and　peptide　self-assembled　nanomaterials.　The　combination　of　bioactivity　and　self-assembly　properties　of　peptides　will　introduce　new　perspectives　for　food　structure　design　and　functional　food　creation　to　meet　more　specific　food　industry　appli-cation　needs.　Scope　and　approach:　In　this　review,　a　comprehensive　overview　of　bioactivity　and　self-assembly　of　peptides　is　provided.　The　fabrication　strategy　and　application　prospects　of　self-assembling　bioactive　peptide-based　materials　are　introduced.　Additionally,　we　summarize　the　research　limitations　to　be　solved　and　put　forward　our　per-spectives　for　the　future　development　of　self-assembling　bioactive　peptides.Key　findings　and　conclusions:　Peptides　show　diverse　bioactivities　and　play　an　important　role　in　regulating　the　physiological　functions　of　various　body　systems.　The　powerful　self-assembly　property　of　peptides　promotes　the　formation　of　controllable　supramolecular　structures.　More　importantly,　self-assembling　bioactive　peptides　pro-vide　approaches　to　fabricate　functional　nanomaterials　for　food　creation　and　have　great　application　prospects　in　the　food　field.　These　advances　implicate　the　bright　prospect　of　nanomaterials　of　self-assembling　bioactive　pep-tides　in　future　food　creation.