Cyberbullying　is　an　important　issue　which　prevails　among　children　and　adolescents.　The　present　study　aimed　to　investigate　the　association　between　network　anonymity　and　cyberbullying　behavior　and　examine　the　mediating　role　of　network　morality　and　the　moderating　role　of　self-control　in　the　linkage　of　network　anonymity　and　cyberbullying　behavior.　A　total　of　620　participants　were　recruited　from　three　high　schools　in　southeast　China　and　were　required　to　complete　a　questionnaire　measuring　network　anonymity,　cyberbullying　behavior,　network　morality,　and　self-control.　A　moderated　mediation　model　was　conducted　by　using　PROCESS　Macro　for　SPSS　3.5.　The　results　showed　that　network　anonymity　was　negatively　associated　with　cyberbullying　behavior　among　Chinese　adolescents.　Network　morality　mediated　the　association　and　self-control　moderated　the　indirect　association　between　network　anonymity　and　cyberbullying　behavior　via　network　morality.　These　findings　indicate　that　improving　the　network　morality　and　self-control　of　adolescents　with　the　joint　efforts　of　individuals,　families,　government,　and　society　as　a　whole　may　be　an　effective　intervention　strategy　for　cyberbullying　behavior　under　the　framework　of　digital　citizens.