China　has　abundant　indium　resources　and　is　the　main　supplier　of　refined　indium　in　the　world.　In　this　contribution,　we　systematically　summarize　the　geology　and　spatial–temporal　distribution　of　indium　deposits　in　China,　with　emphasis　on　the　genesis　and　enrichment　mechanism　of　these　deposits.　The　indium　resources　in　China　are　mainly　from　Sn-polymetallic　deposits　related　to　Mesozoic　granites　within　the　southern　Great　Xing＇an　Range,　southwestern　Yangtze　Block,　western　Nanling　Range,　and　their　surrounding　regions.　Moreover,　these　Mesozoic　granitic　intrusions　are　mainly　composed　of　highly　fractionated　S-　or　A-type　granites　with　peraluminous　characteristics　(A/CNK　＞　1.1)　and　high　volatile　concentrations,　which　are　considered　to　be　generated　by　biotite-dehydration　melting　in　the　crust.　Because　biotite　is　an　important　carrier　of　tin　and　indium,　the　breakdown　of　biotite　during　partial　melting　could　release　tin　and　indium　into　magmatic-hydrothermal　system,　leading　to　Sn-In　mineralization.　During　the　precipitation　of　indium　minerals　from　ore-forming　fluids,　it　is　preferentially　incorporated　into　sphalerite　lattice　by　a　coupled　substitution　of　In3+　+　Cu+　↔2Zn2+,　causing　a　decoupling　from　tin.　Therefore,　indium　resources　are　dominantly　sourced　from　sphalerite-bearing　ores　in　Sn-polymetallic　deposits　in　China.　Recently,　indium　mineralization　has　been　discovered　in　Sn-poor　polymetallic　deposits　(e.g.,　the　Qibaoshan　Cu-polymetallic　deposit);　however,　the　enrichment　mechanism　of　indium　in　Sn-poor　deposits　is　still　unclear.　Consequently,　we　suggest　that　future　studies　should　focus　on　the　enrichment　mechanism　of　indium　in　Sn-poor　polymetallic　deposits　and　the　behavior　of　indium　in　magmatic-hydrothermal　systems,　which　would　contribute　to　a　better　understanding　of　the　coupling　and　decoupling　of　tin　and　indium　and　their　metallogenesis.　©　2022