Numerical　analyses　for　structure-soil　interaction　were　carried　out　to　investigate　the　attenuation　effect　of　open,　inundated　water　and　concrete-filled　trenches　on　high-speed　train　loading-induced　Rayleigh　wave　propagation.　The　acceleration　and　effective　stress　at　some　key　points　of　a　six-storey　surface　structure　were　comparatively　studied　with　commercial　software　LS-DYNA　for　the　protection　of　open　trenches,　inundated　water　trenches,　concrete-filled　trenches　and　no　protection.　Numerical　results　reveal　that　open　trenches　even　inundated　with　water　can　effectively　reduce　peak　acceleration　and　effective　stress.　However,　concrete-filled　trenches　are　not　effective　in　the　attenuations　of　peak　acceleration　and　effective　stress.　Therefore,　an　open　trench　is　still　a　good　choice　as　a　temporary　protection　barrier,　though　it　is　susceptible　to　collapse　without　effective　support.