Cellulose/TiO2　composite　was　prepared　by　sol-gel　method　using　the　ionic　liquid　BMIMCl　as　reactive　medium　and　Ti(OBu)4　as　a　precursor.　The　synthesis　conditions　were　optimized　by　single-factor　experiment.　The　structure　and　properties　of　the　composite　were　characterized　by　scanning　electron　microscope　(SEM),　X-ray　diffraction(XRD),　Fourier　transform　infrared　spectoscopy(FT-IR),　UV-vis-diffuse　reflectance　spectroscope(DRS)　and　thermogravimetric　(TG)　analysis.　The　photocatalytic　activity　of　the　composite　was　investigated　via　testing　the　photodegradation　of　methyl　orange　in　aqueous　suspension　under　UV-light.　The　results　show　that　the　high　active　photocatalytic　composite　is　prepared　by　using　ionic　liquid　BMIMCl　as　medium　at　room　temperature　and　atmospheric　pressure.　The　photo　catalytic　degradation　rate　of　composite　on　methyl　orange(MO)　reaches　97.09%　in　80min.　Comparing　with　bare　TiO2,　the　degradation　rate　of　MO　increases　by　37%.　Moreover,　the　composite　still　shows　62.66%　degradation　rate　towards　MO　after　recycling　4　times.　©　2016,　Journal　of　Materials　Engineering.　All　right　reserved.