In　domains　such　as　medical　diagnosis,　food　safety,　and　environmental　protection,　the　application　of　appropriate　sensors　for　precise　detection　of　sample　concentrations　is　of　paramount　importance.　This　research　put　forward　a　surface　plasmon　resonance　sensor　based　on　a　metal　grating.　Relying　on　the　surface　plasmon　theory　and　employing　FDTD　Solutions,　the　reflection　curves　of　an　aluminum　grating　under　different　refractive　indices　of　the　medium　were　simulated.　A　sequence　of　fabrication　techniques,　including　photolithography,　electroforming　template,　and　nanoimprinting　technology,　were　adopted　to　fabricate　an　aluminum　metal　grating　film　with　a　period　of　450nm.　Eventually,　the　sensor　tests　were　conducted　by　setting　air,　water,　and　ethanol　solutions　to　test　the　response　of　the　surface　plasmon　resonance　sensor　to　different　refractive　indices.　The　results　indicated　that　the　sensor　was　capable　of　effectively　discriminating　surface　substances,　with　a　refractive　index　sensitivity　of　S　=　78.18nm/RIU.　©　2025　SPIE.