This　paper　utilizes　a　coupled　model　of　the　lattice　Boltzmann　method　and　discrete　element　method　(LBM-DEM)　to　simulate　the　flow　field　and　particle　motion　in　a　three-dimensional　porous　medium.　It　investigates　the　impact　of　different　microstructural　characteristics　of　filter　media　on　filtration　performance　under　the　same　porosity　conditions.　The　model　not　only　considers　the　mechanisms　of　inertial　deposition　and　electrostatic　forces　but　also　incorporates　the　effects　of　Brownian　diffusion　and　dielectrophoresis,　providing　a　preliminary　comparison　of　various　filtration　mechanisms.　The　research　results　indicate　that:　(1)　under　identical　porosity　conditions,　the　filtration　efficiency　of　unidirectional　interlaced　fibers　significantly　surpasses　that　of　other　fiber　models　with　different　microstructures;　(2)　the　model　integrating　four　filtration　mechanisms　demonstrates　higher　filtration　efficiency.　©　Published　under　licence　by　IOP　Publishing　Ltd.