In　order　to　improve　the　contact　strength　and　reduce　the　sliding　friction　of　the　gear　pair,　an　internal　cylindrical　gear　pair　with　a　curved　meshing　line　is　studied　in　this　paper.　Firstly,　a　curved　meshing　line　is　designed.　The　tooth　profiles　of　the　internal　gear　pair　with　the　designed　meshing　line　are　calculated　by　using　differential　geometry　and　the　gear　meshing　principle.　Secondly,　a　wear　model　is　established　by　combining　the　finite　element　method　and　the　Archard　wear　formula.　Then,　a　numerical　simulation　is　conducted;　the　relative　curvature,　sliding　coefficient,　sliding　distance,　maximum　contact　pressure,　transmission　error,　and　wear　depth　are　calculated.　Ultimately,　the　variation　law　of　tooth　surface　wear　of　new　gear　with　and　without　installation　errors　is　observed　under　different　stress　cycles.　On　this　basis,　the　influence　of　tooth　modification　on　tooth　surface　wear　is　further　researched.　Through　the　results,　the　advantages　of　the　introduced　novel　internal　cylindrical　gears　in　wear　resistance　are　further　demonstrated.　The　study　in　this　paper　provides　new　research　ideas　and　methods　for　gear　wear　research　and　gear　design.