Duck　egg　shell　crack　detection　by　tapping　eggs　is　an　important　part　in　the　egg　processing　system.　Duck　egg　shell　crack　detection　has　low　detection　accuracy　and　slow　detection　speed.　This　paper　proposed　a　device　for　collecting　duck　egg＇s　acoustic　signals　and　an　improved　LightGBM　classification　model.　The　proposed　method　consisted　of　collecting　the　acoustic　signals　of　duck　egg　from　tapping　duck　eggs　and　optimizing　the　parameters　of　the　LightGBM　classification　model　with　the　IGWO　algorithm.　The　duck　egg　detection　accuracy　of　IGWO-LightGBM　could　reach　96.64%　on　the　collected　duck　egg　crack　dataset,　which　was　15.02%　more　accurate　than　the　traditional　support　vector　machine.The　method　achieved　significant　improvements　in　both　detection　accuracy　and　speed,　which　was　suitable　for　industrial　assembly　lines.　©　2024　SPIE.