Programmable　switches　have　revolutionized　network　operations　by　enabling　the　flexible　customization　of　packet　processing　logic　using　language　like　P4.　However,　changing　the　programs　running　on　the　switch　requires　disturbing　traffic　and　suspending　other　unrelated　programs.　In　this　paper,　we　present　P4runpro,　enabling　runtime　data　plane　updates　with　dynamic　resource　allocation.　The　P4runpro　data　plane　abstracts　hardware　resources　and　defines　dynamically　reconfigurable　atomic　operations　that　form　packet　processing　logic.　P4runpro　provides　runtime　programming　interfaces　called　P4runpro　primitives　for　the　operator　to　write　high-level　programs.　We　have　designed　the　P4runpro　compiler　to　automatically　and　consistently　link　the　P4runpro　programs　to　the　running　data　plane.　We　implement　our　prototype　on　a　Tofino　switch.　We　implement　15　example　runtime　programs　using　P4runpro　to　demonstrate　its　generality　and　expressiveness.　Our　evaluation　results　show　that　compared　to　the　state-of-the-art,　P4runpro　can　respond　within　hundreds　of　milliseconds,　achieve　an　average　of　60%　to　80%　dynamic　resource　utilization,　concurrently　run　≈0.6K　to　≈2.8K　programs,　and　introduce　lower　overhead.　Our　case　studies　illustrate　the　benefit　of　runtime　programming　and　prove　the　same　functionality　between　P4runpro　and　conventional　P4　programs.　　©　2024　Copyright　is　held　by　the　owner/author(s).　Publication　rights　licensed　to　ACM.