Urban　forests　significantly　contribute　to　the　subjective　well-being　of　urban　residents.　As　the　scenic　areas　around　cities,　urban　forests　allow　visitors　to　experience　and　perceive　various　intangible　cultural　ecosystem　services　by　transmitting　environmental　information.　Historically,　long　before　the　advent　of　modern　society,　humans　have　explored　the　forest　surrounding　urban　areas　for　the　well-being　provided　by　their　ecological　environments.　This　study　focuses　on　the　Kushan　Scenic　Area　depicted　in　ancient　poems　as　a　case　to　explore　(1)　the　cultural　services　provided　by　ancient　Kushan　Mountain＇s　ecosystems,　(2)　the　primary　landscape　categories　depicted　in　historical　poems,　(3)　the　relationship　between　cultural　services　and　landscape　features,　and　the　factors　influencing　this　relationship.　This　research　identifies　five　types　of　cultural　services　provided　by　the　past　urban　forest:　recreation　and　ecotourism　(3　3　6),　inspiration　(2　3　0),　spirit　and　religion　(2　0　2),　social　relations　(1　7　4),　and　cultural　memory　(1　2　1).　Geological　landscapes　(25.3%),　meteorological　landscapes　(21.1%),　and　hydrological　landscapes　(15.3%)　emerge　as　key　categories　that　stimulate　ancients’　perceptual　cultural　services.　The　research　reveals　a　distinct　association　between　the　perception　of　cultural　services　in　ancient　times　and　specific　landscapes,　with　the　strength　of　this　association　being　influenced　by　factors　such　as　season,　time　of　day,　and　scenic　context.　Consequently,　for　the　effective　planning,　marketing,　and　promotion　of　scenic　areas　and　preserving　their　historical　ambiance,　a　comprehensive　understanding　of　the　changing　environment　information　of　urban　forests　as　scenic　areas　is　essential,　necessitating　sustainable　strategies.　©　2024　The　Author(s)