To　achieve　high　thermal　efficiency,　today＇s　nuclear　reactor　structures　are　exposed　to　higher　temperatures　and　pressures,　which　requires　the　use　of　high-strength　steels　with　specific　properties,　such　as　ODS　steels.　There　is　a　need　to　clarify　the　evolution　of　the　microstructure　and　properties　of　steels　at　elevated　temperatures.　This　study　systematically　investigates　the　evolution　of　microstructure,　texture,　and　mechanical　property　variations　of　12Cr-ODS　steels　after　hot-rolling　and　subsequent　annealing　at　1000　°C　and　1200　°C.　The　investigation　utilizes　optical　microscopy,　electron　backscatter　diffraction　technique,　and　mechanical　property　measurements.　The　microstructure　of　hot-rolled　samples　shows　a　layered　alternating　distribution,　which　is　distinguished　by　a　notable　presence　of　the　α-fiber　texture.　Following　annealing　at　1000　°C,　the　martensite　grains　are　smaller　with　a　reduced　hardness,　while　maintaining　a　strong　α-fiber　texture.　After　annealing　at　1200　°C,　there　is　a　rapid　increase　in　the　growth　of　martensite　grains,　a　significant　rise　in　hardness,　a　reduction　in　the　α-fiber　texture　characteristics,　and　an　improvement　in　the　γ-fiber　texture　characteristics.　Moreover,　the　maximum　intensity　of　the　α-fiber　texture　diminishes　as　the　annealing　temperature　increases.　The　mechanical　properties　of　the　samples　deteriorated　after　annealing　at　1200　°C,　which　can　be　attributed　to　the　coarse　martensite　grains　and　the　texture　components　containing　the　{001}　cleavage　plane　dominating　the　occurrence　of　brittle　cleavage　fracture.　The　0.1Y　sample　after　annealing　at　1000　°C　exhibits　an　excellent　combination　of　strength　(1458　MPa)　and　ductility　(20.3%),　which　is　owing　to　the　unique　heterogeneous　grain　structure　and　the　evolution　of　favorable　texture.　©　2024　The　Authors