To　achieve　high　thermal　efficiency,　today＇s　nuclear　reactor　structures　are　exposed　to　higher　temperatures　and　pressures,　which　requires　the　use　of　high-strength　steels　with　specific　properties,　such　as　ODS　steels.　There　is　a　need　to　clarify　the　evolution　of　the　microstructure　and　properties　of　steels　at　elevated　temperatures.　This　study　systematically　investigates　the　evolution　of　microstructure,　texture,　and　mechanical　property　variations　of　12CrODS　steels　after　hot-rolling　and　subsequent　annealing　at　1000　degrees　C　and　1200　degrees　C.　The　investigation　utilizes　optical　microscopy,　electron　backscatter　diffraction　technique,　and　mechanical　property　measurements.　The　microstructure　of　hot-rolled　samples　shows　a　layered　alternating　distribution,　which　is　distinguished　by　a　notable　presence　of　the　alpha-fiber　texture.　Following　annealing　at　1000　degrees　C,　the　martensite　grains　are　smaller　with　a　reduced　hardness,　while　maintaining　a　strong　alpha-fiber　texture.　After　annealing　at　1200　degrees　C,　there　is　a　rapid　increase　in　the　growth　of　martensite　grains,　a　significant　rise　in　hardness,　a　reduction　in　the　alpha-fiber　texture　characteristics,　and　an　improvement　in　the　gamma-fiber　texture　characteristics.　Moreover,　the　maximum　intensity　of　the　alpha-fiber　texture　diminishes　as　the　annealing　temperature　increases.　The　mechanical　properties　of　the　samples　deteriorated　after　annealing　at　1200　degrees　C,　which　can　be　attributed　to　the　coarse　martensite　grains　and　the　texture　components　containing　the　{001}　cleavage　plane　dominating　the　occurrence　of　brittle　cleavage　fracture.　The　0.1Y　sample　after　annealing　at　1000　degrees　C　exhibits　an　excellent　combination　of　strength　(1458　MPa)　and　ductility　(20.3%),　which　is　owing　to　the　unique　heterogeneous　grain　structure　and　the　evolution　of　favorable　texture.