The　deterioration　of　the　urban　thermal　environment　has　seriously　affected　the　quality　of　life　of　urban　residents,　and　studying　the　optimal　cooling　landscape　combination　and　configuration　based　on　local　climate　zones　(LCZs)　is　crucial　for　mitigating　the　thermal　environment.　In　this　study,　the　LCZ　system　was　combined　to　analyze　the　spatial　and　temporal　changes　to　the　thermal　environment　in　the　central　area　of　Fuzhou,　and　the　159　blocks　in　the　core　area　were　selected　to　derive　the　optimal　LCZ　combination　and　configuration.　The　conclusions　are　as　follows:　(1)　From　2013　to　2021,　the　building　layout　of　the　study　area　became　more　open　and　the　building　height　gradually　increased.　The　high-temperature　areas　were　mainly　clustered　in　the　core　area;　(2)　The　LSTs　for　low-rise　buildings　(LCZ　3　(41.67　degrees　C),　LCZ　7　(40.10　degrees　C),　LCZ　8　(42.61　degrees　C),　and　LCZ　10　(41.85　degrees　C))　were　higher　than　the　LSTs　for　high-rise　buildings　(LCZ　1　(38.58　degrees　C)　and　LCZ　4　(38.50　degrees　C));　(3)　The　thermal　contribution　index　for　low　building　types　was　higher　for　dense　buildings　(LCZ　3　(0.4331),　LCZ　8　(0.3149),　and　LCZ　10　(0.2325))　than　for　open　buildings　(LCZ　6　(0.0247)　and　LCZ　9　(0.0317));　(4)　Blocks　with　an　average　LST　of　36　degrees　C　had　the　most　cost-effective　cooling,　and　the　combination　and　configuration　of　LCZs　within　such　blocks　were　optimal.　Our　results　can　be　used　to　better　guide　urban　planners　in　managing　LCZ　combinations　and　configurations　within　blocks　(the　smallest　planning　unit)　at　an　earlier　phase　of　thermal　environment　design,　and　for　appropriately　adapting　existing　block　layouts,　providing　a　new　perspective　on　urban　thermal　environment　research　with　important　implications　for　climate-friendly　city　and　neighborhood　planning.