A　facile　one-pot　water-in-oil　microemulsion　method　has　been　developed　for　the　synthesis　of　a　novel　core-shell　Ag-graphene@SiO2　nanocomposite　with　fluorescein　isothiocyanate　(FITC)　doped　in　the　shell.　During　the　preparation　process,　reducing　both　Ag+　and　graphene　oxide,　and　loading　of　Ag　nanoparticles　on　graphene　were　occurred　in　the　microemulsion　simultaneously.　Then　FITC　was　covalently　doped　in　the　silica　shell　through　a　copolymerization　reaction　with　tetraethoxysilane　(TEOS).　The　morphology　and　optical　properties　of　the　nanocomposite　were　characterized　by　transmission　electron　microscope　(TEM),　UV-Vis　spectrum,　fluorescence　emission　spectrum　and　FT-IR　spectrum,　respectively.　The　results　showed　that　the　emission　intensity　from　the　as-prepared　nanocomposite　was　3-fold　higher　than　that　of　control　silica　nanoparticles　in　which　graphene　was　absent.　The　graphene　in　the　as-prepared　nanocomposite　exhibited　an　enhanced　effect　for　the　metal　enhanced　fluorescence　(MEF).　This　enhancement　offers　a　potential　increase　in　overall　nanoprobe　detectability.　This　work　could　provide　new　insights　into　fabrication　of　Ag-graphene　based　nanocomposites　and　facilitate　their　application.