The　rate　of　low-carbon　water　pollution　treatment　technology　closely　tracks　the　ongoing　promotion　of　the　＂dual　carbon＂　targets.　Given　its　low　carbon,　energy　savings,　high　efficiency,　and　no　secondary　pollution,　photo-electrocatalysis　(PEC)　technology　has　emerged　as　the　most　promising　strategy　for　controlling　large-scale　water　pollution.　This　review　summarizes　the　progress　of　PEC　system　in　water　pollution　control　in　recent　years.　Firstly,　three　typical　PEC　systems　and　their　operating　mechanisms　are　described,　and　representative　photoanode,　photocathode　and　counter　electrode　materials　are　summarized　according　to　different　electrode　functions.　Meanwhile,　the　effects　of　electrolyte　and　applied　bias　voltage　on　the　performance　of　PEC　system　are　discussed.　Then,　the　progresses　of　PEC　system　in　the　treatment　of　dyes,　drugs,　heavy　metal　ions　and　organic-inorganic　compound　pollution　and　energy　production　are　analyzed　in　detail.　Finally,　in　order　to　make　full　use　of　the　application　potential　of　PEC　system　in　wastewater　treatment,　the　prospects　and　challenges　for　the　future　development　of　PEC　are　proposed　from　the　perspective　of　carbon　neutralization.