With　the　advances　in　high-performance　materials　and　structures,　the　impact　behavior　of　ultra-high-performance　concrete　(UHPC)　filled　Q690　high-strength　steel　tubular　columns　was　systematically　investigated　in　this　study.　A　total　of　19　axial　impact　tests　on　UHPC-filled　steel　tubular　columns　were　conducted　by　a　drop　hammer　test　apparatus,　experimentally　obtaining　the　failure　model,　impact　force　and　displacement　time　histories,　and　energy　absorption.　The　main　parameters,　including　steel　strength,　steel　ratio,　impact　energy,　and　specimen　length,　were　considered.　The　results　showed　that　UHPC-filled　Q690　high-strength　steel　tubular　members　exhibited　excellent　impact　resistance　and　could　withstand　higher　energy　impacts.　As　the　impact　energy　increased,　the　impact　force　also　increased　owing　to　the　strain-rate　effect,　and　the　deformation　was　significantly　enlarged.　Increasing　the　steel　ratio　significantly　enhanced　the　impact　resistance　and　energy　absorption　efficiency　of　components;　the　use　of　high-strength　steel　and　UHPC　also　improved　the　impact　resistance　and　energy　absorption;　the　effect　of　specimen　length　on　the　axial　impact　behavior　was　limited.　Additionally,　a　finite　element　model　considering　the　strain-rate　effects　of　high-strength　steel　and　UHPC　was　established　and　benchmarked　with　the　test　results　from　the　present　study　and　literature.　The　simulated　results　were　in　good　agreement　with　the　experimental　results,　which　contributed　to　the　relevant　research　on　UHPC-filled　steel　tubular　components　subjected　to　axial　impact.