High-performance　concrete-filled　steel　tube　(CFST)　members　consisting　of　high-strength　steel　and　ultra-high　performance　concrete　(UHPC)　are　more　and　more　widely　applied　in　modern　engineering　structures.　These　structures/structural　components　may　suffer　from　axial　impact　loading　during　its　life　cycle　such　as　impact　induced　by　the　collapse　of　top-level　floors.　However,　the　design　and　evaluation　methods　for　axial　impact　resistance　remain　unclear　for　these　structures.　This　paper　presented　a　systematic　study　on　both　the　impact　and　post-impact　resistances　of　high-performance　CFST　members　subjected　to　axial　impact.　A　database　of　CFST　members　subjected　to　axial　impact　was　first　compiled,　and　a　finite　element　(FE)　model　was　established　and　verified　by　the　test　results　from　the　compiled　database.　The　effects　of　key　parameters　on　the　impact　resistances　and　residual　capacity　of　square　UHPC-filled　high-strength　steel　tubes　under　axial　impact　were　clarified.　By　employing　420　FE　models　of　square　CFST　columns　subjected　to　axial　impact　with　random　parameters,　equations　for　predicting　the　maximum　axial　displacement　under　axial　impact　and　axial　residual　bearing　capacity　after　axial　impact　that　are　suitable　for　conventional　and　high-performance　CFST　columns　(fy　＜=　960　MPa　and　fcu　＜=　200　MPa)　were　developed　with　reasonable　accuracy.　Finally,　a　maximum　deformation　limit　was　recommended　for　CFST　components　subjected　to　axial　impact,　which　provides　a　reference　for　anti-impact　design　and　evaluation　for　general　high-performance　CFST　members.