Rainfall-prone　shallow　landslides　account　for　one-fifth　of　the　global　land　area,　and　rainfall　is　critical　to　the　mechanics　and　hydrology　of　shallow　slopes.　In　typical　geological　disaster-prone　areas,　the　hydrodynamic　responses　of　slopes　with　different　vegetation　types　under　rainfall　conditions　require　further　study.　The　purpose　of　this　study　was　to　analyze　the　hydraulic　stability　of　soils　with　different　vegetation　types　under　rainfall　conditions　and　their　effects　on　slope　stability.　Thus,　the　soil-water　characteristic　curves　and　water-stable　aggregate　characteristics　of　soils　with　three　vegetation　types　were　analyzed.　A　two-dimensional　finite　element　model　was　used　to　simulate　the　slope　stability　of　extreme　rainfall　environments　with　different　rainfall　durations.　The　results　showed　that　the　matric　suction　of　soil　with　trees　was　less　affected　by　rainfall　with　a　better　stability　of　water-stable　aggregates　than　that　of　soil　with　shrubs　and　grass.　The　plastic　strain　cloud　map　showed　that　the　maximum　plastic　strain　occurred　at　the　toe　of　the　slope.　In　addition,　the　potential　slip　depth　of　slopes　with　trees　was　smaller　than　that　of　slopes　with　shrubs　and　grass.　Under　the　two　rainfall　durations,　the　factor　of　safety　(FoS)　of　slopes　with　trees　changed　by　0.06,　whereas　that　of　slopes　with　shrubs　and　grass　changed　by　0.1.　The　findings　of　this　study　provide　valuable　insights　into　changes　in　the　stability　of　slopes　with　different　vegetation　types　under　varying　rainfall　conditions.　It　is　of　great　significance　to　provide　a　scientific　basis　for　the　application　of　ecological　measures　in　the　prevention　and　control　of　mountain　disasters　and　guide　the　implementation　of　appropriate　land　management　measures.