Ti3C2Tx-based　modified　separation　materials　are　widely　used　in　the　field　of　wastewater　separation,　but　most　of　them　have　poor　fluxes.　Here,　grafting　of　L-cysteine　and　L-histidine　onto　polydopamine-pretreated　Ti3C2Tx　surface　was　used　to　obtain　amino　acid-modified　Ti3C2Tx　(L-CPT　and　L-HPT),　respectively,　by　covalent　and　non-covalent　bonds　under　mild　conditions,　enriching　variety　and　number　of　hydrophilic　groups　on　the　Ti3C2Tx　surface.　Polyurethane　sponge　(PU)　coated　with　L-CPT　and　L-HPT　(L-CPTPU　and　L-HPTPU)　exhibit　excellent　underwater　oleophobicity　and　show　impressive　separation　efficiency　(＞99.4%)　for　various　oil-water　mixtures.　Especially,　L-CPTPU　and　L-HPTPU　achieved　high-throughput　separation　for　cyclohexane-water　mixtures　with　maximum　permeation　fluxes　of　220,319　and　222,197　L　m-2　h-1,　respectively,　and　had　excellent　resistance　to　corrosive　media.　Besides,　polyamide　membranes　modified　with　L-CPT　and　L-HPT　(L-CPTPA　and　L-HPTPA)　form　abundant　permeation　channels,　achieving　high-efficiency　separation　for　toluene　in　water　emulsion　with　separation　efficiency　greater　than　99.1%.　In　addition,　L-CPTPA　and　L-HPTPA　exhibited　remarkable　rejection　(＞99.1%)　and　high　permeability　(＞1100　L　m-2　h-1　bar-1)　for　20　mg　L-1　malachite　green　solution.　Therefore,　the　amino　acid-modified　Ti3C2Tx　can　functionally　modify　PU　and　PA　substrates　toseparate　oily　wastewater　and　dye　wastewater,　respectively.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd　and　Techna　Group　S.r.l.