Aqueous　Zn-based　batteries　hold　multiple　advantages　of　eco-friendliness,　easy　accessibility,　high　safety,　easy　fabrication,　and　fast　kinetics,　while　their　widespread　applications　have　been　greatly　limited　by　the　relatively　narrow　thermodynamically　stable　potential　windows　(i.　e.,　1.23　V)　of　water　and　the　mismatched　pH　conditions　between　cathode　and　anode,　which　presents　challenges　regarding　how　to　maximize　the　output　voltage　and　the　energy　density.　Recently,　aqueous　OH−/H+　dual-ion　Zn-based　batteries　(OH−/H+-DIZBs),　where　the　Zn　anode　reacts　with　hydroxide　ions　(OH−)　in　alkaline　electrolyte　while　hydrogen　ions　(H+)　are　involved　in　the　cathode　reaction　in　the　acidic　electrolyte,　have　been　reported　to　be　capable　of　broadening　the　working　voltage　and　improving　the　energy　density,　which　offers　practical　feasibility　toward　overcoming　the　above　limitations.　This　Review　thus　takes　this　chance　to　investigate　the　recent　progress　on　aqueous　OH−/H+-DIZBs.　First,　the　concept　and　the　history　of　such　OH−/H+-DIZBs　are　introduced,　and　then　special　emphasis　is　put　on　the　working　mechanisms,　the　progress　of　the　development　of　new　batteries,　and　how　the　electrolytes　improve　their　performance.　Finally,　the　challenges　and　opportunities　in　this　field　are　discussed.　©　2022　Wiley-VCH　GmbH.