IntroductionAntibiotics　are　ubiquitous　pollutants　and　widely　found　in　aquatic　ecosystems,　which　of　rhizosphere　sediment　and　rhizosphere　bacterial　communities　had　certain　correlation.　However,　the　response　of　bacterial　communities　in　Phragmites　australis　rhizosphere　and　non-rhizosphere　sediments　to　antibiotics　stress　is　still　poorly　understood.　MethodsTo　address　this　knowledge　gap,　the　samples　of　rhizosphere　(R)　and　non-rhizosphere　(NR)　sediments　of　P.　australis　were　collected　to　investigate　the　differences　of　bacterial　communities　under　the　influence　of　antibiotics　and　key　bacterial　species　and　dominate　environmental　factors　in　Baiyangdian　(BYD)　Lake.　ResultsThe　results　showed　that　the　contents　of　norfloxacin　(NOR),　ciprofloxacin　(CIP)　and　total　antibiotics　in　rhizosphere　sediments　were　significantly　higher　than　that　in　non-rhizosphere　sediments,　meanwhile,　bacterial　communities　in　non-rhizosphere　sediments　had　significantly　higher　diversity　(Sobs,　Shannon,　Simpsoneven　and　PD)　than　those　in　rhizosphere　sediments.　Furthermore,　total　antibiotics　and　CIP　were　found　to　be　the　most　important　factors　in　bacterial　diversity.　The　majority　of　the　phyla　in　rhizosphere　sediments　were　Firmicutes,　Proteobacteria　and　Campilobacterota,　while　Proteobacteria,　Chloroflexi　was　the　most　abundant　phyla　followed　by　Bacteroidota,　Actinobacteriota　in　non-rhizosphere　sediments.　The　dominate　factors　of　shaping　the　bacterial　communities　in　rhizosphere　were　total　antibiotics,　pH,　sediment　organic　matter　(SOM),　and　NH4-N,　while　dissolved　organic　carbon　(DOC),　NO3-N,　pH,　and　water　contents　(WC)　in　non-rhizosphere　sediments.　DiscussionIt　is　suggested　that　antibiotics　may　have　a　substantial　effect　on　bacterial　communities　in　P.　australis　rhizosphere　sediment,　which　showed　potential　risk　for　ARGs　selection　pressure　and　dissemination　in　shallow　lake　ecosystems.