Climate　change　is　one　of　the　main　reasons　for　frequent　severe　droughts　in　many　areas　of　China.　At　present,　there　is　a　lack　of　research　on　the　occurrence　and　impact　of　large-scale　and　long-lasting　extreme　drought　events　in　the　historical　period.　This　study　utilized　the　＇Yu-Xue-Fen-Cun＇　(rain　and　snow　record)　data　from　the　Qing　Palace　Archives　for　the　Qing　Dynasty　and　records　from　modern　meteorological　stations　as　data　sources,　combined　with　key　parameters　of　the　study　area　obtained　by　field　experiments.　The　improved　Green-Ampt　infiltration　model　was　used　to　convert　historical　data　into　precipitation　data,　and　the　precipitation　anomaly　percentage　(PA)　was　calculated　as　a　meteorological　drought　indicator.　The　spatial　distribution　and　evolution　of　historical　extreme　drought　events　in　Shanxi　Province　were　studied　and　are　discussed.　The　results　show　a　severe　shortage　of　rainfall　followed　by　severe　drought　events　between　1875　and　1879　in　Shanxi　Province.　The　shortage　level　reached　its　peak　in　1877.　Extreme　drought　events　occurred　from　1875　to　1877　when　the　whole　province　was　heavily　drought-stricken,　with　annual　PA　values　of　-65%,　-64%,　and　-70%,　respectively.　Reconstructing　extreme　historical　droughts　has　an　important　practical　significance　in　coping　with　drought　catastrophes　that　may　occur　now　or　in　the　future　and　contributes　to　the　development　of　disaster　prevention　and　preparedness　strategies,　disaster　reduction　policies,　and　risk　prevention　and　control.