Economic　has　been　profoundly　improved　by　the　large-scale　construction　and　operation　of　high　speed　rail　(HSR),　with　far-reaching　implications　for　resource　optimization　configuration.　Shanxi　Province　is　a　representative　of　a　resource-based　region,　what　development　opportunities　can　HSR　bring　to　the　resource-based　regions　represented　by　Shanxi?　This　paper　construct　the　HSR-RE　(high　speed　railregional　economic)　model,　taking　the　central　and　southern　part　of　Shanxi　Province　as　the　research　unit,　to　explore　the　impact　of　HSR　on　the　regional　economy　of　resource-based　region.　The　results　show　that　the　opening　of　HSR　is　not　only　beneficial　to　the　adjustment　of　industrial　structure　of　Shanxi　Province　by　reducing　the　industry＇s　dependence　on　resources,　but　also　promotes　economic　transformation　of　Shanxi　Province　and　guides　its　diversified　development.　This　research　will　helpful　to　find　a　transformation　direction　for　Shanxi＇s　economy,　and　provide　a　good　theoretical　basis　for　the　construction　of　HSR　in　other　resource-based　regions.