Objectives:　The　advanced　hyperspectral　imager　(AHSI)　and　the　visual　and　infrared　multispectral　imager　(VIMI)　are　the　two　sensors　onboard　China＇s　Gaofen-5　remote　sensing　satellite　that　was　launched　on　May　9,　2018.　These　two　sensors　provide　images　with　different　spectral　and　spatial　resolutions.　The　AHSI　has　330　spectral　bands　with　30　m　resolution,　while　the　VIMI　has　12　spectral　bands,　including　six　visible　to　middle　infrared　bands　with　20　m　resolution　and　six　thermal　infrared　bands　with　40　m　resolution.　To　date,　the　quantitative　relationship　between　the　two　sensors＇data　has　not　been　investigated　in　detail.　Therefore,　this　study　aims　to　exam　the　relationship　between　the　corresponding　spectral　bands　of　the　two　sensors.　Methods:　To　understand　the　quantitative　relationship　and　the　calibration　agreement　between　AHSI　and　VIMI　spectral　data,　three　date-coincided　image　pairs　of　the　two　sensors　from　the　Dunhuang　calibration　site　as　well　as　the　Tengzhou　area　were　used　to　conduct　a　cross　comparison.　The　approach　was　achieved　by　evaluating　the　consistency　of　the　at-sensor　radiance　data　between　the　two　sensors　band-by-band.　Due　to　the　difference　in　spectral　resolution　and　band　numbers　between　the　two　sensors,　the　AHSI　bands　within　the　wavelength　range　corresponding　to　each　related　VIMI　band　were　averaged　and　then　crossly　compared　with　the　VIMI　bands　via　linear　regression　analysis.　The　results　were　then　validated　to　the　corresponding　bands　of　near-simultaneous　Landsat-8　operational　land　imager　(OLI)　sensor.　Results:　This　study　finds　that　the　correlation　between　the　two　sensor＇s　spectral　data　is　not　very　strong　(R2　=　0.817)　and　the　at-sensor　radiance　data　of　VIMI　is　overall　lower　than　that　of　AHSI,　with　a　mean　absolute　percentage　error　(MAPE)　of　32%.　Among　the　corresponding　bands,　the　red　band　has　the　greatest　difference　between　the　two　sensors,　which　has　a　MAPE　of　over　40%.　The　validation　to　Landsat-8　OLI　shows　that　radiance　data　of　AHSI　is　close　to　that　of　OLI　with　a　MAPE　of　less　than　5%,　whereas　the　MAPE　of　VIMI　is　greater　than　20%.　This　indicates　that　the　difference　between　the　AHSI　and　VIMI　spectral　data　is　due　largely　to　a　lower　measurement　of　the　VIMI　sensor.　Conclusions:　The　differences　between　VIMI　and　AHSI　radiance　data　revealed　in　this　study　are　given,　it　is　suggested　to　correct　VIMI　data　to　improve　its　accuracy　for　synergistical　use　of　the　two　sensors＇data　together.　The　conversion　using　the　model　developed　in　this　study　based　on　the　Dunhuang　site　shows　that　the　difference　between　the　VIMI　and　the　AHSI　radiance　data　can　be　greatly　reduced　after　conversion.　The　synergistic　use　of　AHSI　and　calibrated　VIMI　data　can　greatly　benefit　the　science　community　by　proving　a　high-quality　observation　of　the　Earth.　©　2021,　Editorial　Board　of　Geomatics　and　Information　Science　of　Wuhan　University.　All　right　reserved.