As　bacterial　resistance　is　becoming　increasingly　serious,　the　development　of　antibacterial　nanomaterials　is　an　effective　method　of　solving　this　problem.　Gold　nanoparticles　have　good　stability　and　excellent　biocompatibility　and　are　easily　modified,　and　their　antibacterial　properties　can　be　enhanced　by　changing　their　structure　and　size　or　adding　ingredients.　Gold　nanoparticles　are　also　excellent　drug　carriers　that　can　improve　the　antibacterial　effects　of　loaded　antibacterial　drugs.　After　being　modified　and　combined　with　other　antibacterial　drugs,　gold　nanoparticles　can　also　play　a　better　antibacterial　role　for　effective　antibacterial　strategies　against　some　resistant　bacteria.　Gold　nanoparticles　have　photothermal　effects,　and　modified　gold　nanoparticles　can　be　a　good　medium　for　photothermal　treatments　to　kill　bacteria.　By　adding　functionally　modified　gold　nanoparticles,　many　materials　can　obtain　much　needed　antibacterial　properties.　Gold　nanoparticles　can　also　be　combined　with　cations,　low-temperature　plasma,　various　surface　ligands,　and　other　potential　antibacterial　agents.　In　short,　the　antibacterial　characteristics　of　functionalized　gold　nanoparticles　demonstrate　that　they　have　considerable　practical　application　value　and　provide　more　ideas　to　solve　antibacterial　problems.　At　the　same　time,　the　application　of　gold　nanoparticles　in　oral　biology　is　also　increasing.