The　fast　urban　spatial　expansion　has　led　to　the　substitution　of　the　natural　vegetation-dominated　land　surfaces　by　impervious　materials.　This　has　a　significant　impact　on　the　ecosystem　on　a　local　to　global　scale.　Therefore,　a　clear　understanding　the　relationship　of　urban　impervious　surface　area　with　vegetation,　water　and　land　surface　temperature　is　of　meaningful　for　scientific　urban　planning　and　ecosystem　restoring.　Nevertheless,　such　a　study　is　still　very　rare　due　probably　to　the　difficulty　in　getting　impervious　surface　data.　Taking　the　advantage　of　the　remote　sensing　technology,　the　information　of　urban　impervious　surface　area,　vegetation,　water　and　land　surface　temperature　can　be　extracted　from　remote　sensing　imagery.　Using　Fuzhou　city　of　southeastern　China　as　a　case,　this　paper　analyzed　the　relationship　between　the　above-　mentioned　components　of　urban　ecosystem　through　enhanced　remote　sensing　images.　The　study　reveals　that　the　urban　impervious　surface　area　has　a　strong　positive　exponential　relationship　with　the　land　surface　temperature　rather　than　a　simple　linear　relationship.　This　suggests　that　the　areas　with　high　impervious　surface　percentage　will　accelerate　the　increase　in　land　surface　temperature　much　more　than　the　areas　with　low　percentage.　Multivariate　statistics　has　proved　that　urban　impervious　surface　area　is　the　most　important　factor　contributing　to　the　development　of　the　urban　heat　island　while　water　and　vegetation　can　significantly　reduce　the　urban　heat　island　effect.