Particulate　matter　(PM)　has　been　the　main　contributor　to　air　pollution　that　has　posed　a　serious　threat　to　human　health.　Here　we　designed　an　environmentally-friendly　conductive　air　filter　for　sustainable　and　highly　efficient　PM　particle　capturing　under　the　assistance　of　an　electrostatic　field.　Waste　cotton　fibers　were　used　as　the　raw　materials　to　prepare　carbonized　cellulose　aerogel.　Then　molybdenum　disulfide　was　vertically　grown　on　the　aerogel　surface.　Due　to　the　high　specific　surface　area,　excellent　electrical　conductivity　of　the　carbonized　aerogel,　and　the　strong　electrostatic　force　between　the　air　filter　and　PM　particles,　the　removal　efficiency　of　PM2.5　and　PM10　is　over　99.91%　and　99.95%,　respectively.　The　high　efficiency　can　be　maintained　for　up　to　600　min　demonstration　(PM2.5　＞　98.6%,　PM10　＞　99.1%).　This　composite　air　filter　also　exhibited　excellent　reusability:　the　adsorption　efficiency　was　greater　than　97.80%　after　5　cycles,　and　regeneration　can　be　simply　realized　by　washing.　The　current　work　not　only　provides　a　new　strategy　to　designing　more　efficient　PM　filter,　but　also　suggests　an　avenue　to　recycle　waste　cotton　fibers.　©　2020　Elsevier　B.V.