According　to　the　abrasion　comparison　of　the　five　materials　which　are　high　Cr　cast　irons　and　high　carbon　steels　under　hard　and　soft　abrasive　particle　with　lubrication　conditions,　the　results　show　that　under　the　hard　particle　abrasion　the　matrix　is　worn　firstly,　and　then　the　carbide　brushes　off　on　it.　The　materials　with　austenite　matrix　have　better　abrasion　than　martensite.　Greater　and　more　the　carbide　is,　better　it　has　abrasion,　but　worse　its　toughness.　Under　the　soft　particle　abrasion,　the　cavities　formed　firstly　at　the　interface　of　matrix　and　carbide　then　continually　grow　and　finally　break,　which　results　in　crack　producing　and　carbide　loosing.　At　the　end　they　fall　off.　Some　of　them　wear　the　surface　as　the　abrasion　particle.