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An ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEG) immunoassay protocol for quantitative detection of low-abundant proteins at a low potential was designed by utilizing porphyrin-sensitized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures. Experimental results demonstrated that the water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-sulfopheny1)-21H,23H-porphyrin (TSPP) could be bound onto titanium dioxide via the sulfonic group. TSPP-sensitized TiO2 nanostructures exhibited better photoelectrochemical responses and stability in comparison with TiO2 nanoparticles alone under continuous illumination. Using carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a model analyte, a typical PEG immunosensor by using TSPP-TiO2 as the affinity support of anti-CEA capture antibody (Ab(1)) to facilitate the improvement of photocurrent response was developed. Bioconjugates of secondary antibody and glucose oxidase with gold nanopartides (Ab(2)/GOx-AuNPs) was introduced by an antigen antibody immunoreaction. AuNP acted as a powerful scaffold to bind with bioactive molecules, while GOx catalyzed glucose to in situ generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The generated H2O2 as a sacrificial electron donor could be oxidized by the photogenerated holes to assist the signal amplification at a low potential under light excitation, thus eliminating interference from other species coexisting in the samples. Under optimal conditions, the PEG immunosensor showed a good linear relationship ranging from 0.02 to 40 ng mL(-1) with a low detection limit of 6 pg mL(-1) CEA. The precision, reproducibility, and specificity were acceptable. In addition, the method accuracy was also evaluated for quantitatively monitoring human serum samples, giving results matching with the referenced CEA ELISA kit.
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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
ISSN: 1944-8244
Year: 2015
Issue: 42
Volume: 7
Page: 23812-23818
7 . 1 4 5
JCR@2015
8 . 5 0 0
JCR@2023
ESI Discipline: MATERIALS SCIENCE;
ESI HC Threshold:335
JCR Journal Grade:1
CAS Journal Grade:2
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 81
SCOPUS Cited Count: 80
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 0
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