Polysaccharide　is　an　abundant　and　reproducible　natural　material　that　is　biocompatible　and　biodegradable.　Polysaccharide　and　its　derivatives　also　possess　distinctive　properties　such　as　hydrophilicity,　mechanical　stability,　as　well　as　tunable　functionality.　Polysaccharide-based　hydrogels　can　be　constructed　via　the　physical　and/or　chemical　crosslinking　of　polysaccharide　derivatives　with　different　functional　molecules,　as　porous　network　structures　or　nanofibrillar　structures.　This　review　discusses　the　biomedical　applications　of　polysaccharide-based　hydrogels　containing　native　polysaccharides,　polysaccharide　derivatives,　and　polysaccharide-composite　hydrogels.　Recent　works　on　the　fabrication,　physical　properties,　advanced　engineering,　biomedical　applications　of　cellulose-,　chitosan-,　alginate-,　and　starch-based　hydrogels　are　also　elaborated.　Such　porous　swelling　scaffolds　exhibit　great　advantages　at　the　interface　of　a　negative　pressure　system　such　as　wound　dressing.　In　addition,　the　authors　also　discuss　and　summarize　the　exemplary　research　works　of　these　hydrogels　in　the　applications　of　drug　release,　wound　dressing,　and　tissue　engineering.　Finally,　challenges　and　future　perspectives　about　the　development　of　polysaccharide-based　hydrogels　are　discussed.