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学者姓名：刘明
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Abstract ：
The reduced elastic modulus Er and indentation hardness HIT of various brittle solids including ceramics, semiconductors, glasses, single crystals, and laser material were evaluated using nanoindentation. Various analysis procedures were compared such as Oliver & Pharr and nominal hardness-based methods, which require area function of the indenter, and other methods based on energy, displacement, contact depth, and contact stiffness, which do not require calibration of the indenter. Elastic recovery of the imprint by the Knoop indenter was also utilized to evaluate elastic moduli of brittle solids. Expressions relating H-IT/E-r and dimensionless nanoindentation variables (e.g., the ratio of elastic work over total work and the ratio of permanent displacement over maximum displacement) are found to be nonlinear rather than linear for brittle solids. The plastic hardness H-p of brittle solids (except traditional glasses) extracted based on E-r is found to be proportional to Er root H-IT.
Keyword ：
Brittle solids Brittle solids Elastic modulus Elastic modulus Elastic recovery of Knoop imprint Elastic recovery of Knoop imprint Hardness Hardness Nanoindentation Nanoindentation
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Zhitong , Liu, Ming , Gong, Jianghong . Characterization of elastic modulus and hardness of brittle solids by instrumented indentation [J]. | ACTA MECHANICA SINICA , 2025 , 41 (1) . |
| MLA | Xu, Zhitong 等. "Characterization of elastic modulus and hardness of brittle solids by instrumented indentation" . | ACTA MECHANICA SINICA 41 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Zhitong , Liu, Ming , Gong, Jianghong . Characterization of elastic modulus and hardness of brittle solids by instrumented indentation . | ACTA MECHANICA SINICA , 2025 , 41 (1) . |
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Scratch testing is widely used for its convenience and promise but lacks analytical or semi-analytical solutions for determining the mechanical properties of materials. In this paper, by investigating the scratch-induced strain field, we propose a semi-analytical solution for the forward prediction of scratch responses and inverse characterization of plastic parameters of metallic materials. The solution is verified through finite element simulation and experimental data from eight different metallic materials. The results indicate that the method is precise, with an average error of 5.25% in the forward prediction of scratch forces and 7.48% in the inverse characterization of plastic parameters. This work provides a solid theoretical foundation for using scratch tests to assess material plasticity.
Keyword ：
Finite element modeling Finite element modeling Metallic materials Metallic materials Plastic parameters Plastic parameters Scratch test Scratch test Semi-analytical solution Semi-analytical solution
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yuanxin , Zhang, Jianwei , Zhang, Yunlong et al. A semi-analytical solution for determining plastic parameters of metallic materials from scratch tests [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES , 2025 , 310 . |
| MLA | Li, Yuanxin et al. "A semi-analytical solution for determining plastic parameters of metallic materials from scratch tests" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES 310 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, Yuanxin , Zhang, Jianwei , Zhang, Yunlong , Zhao, Minghao , Lu, Chunsheng , Liu, Ming . A semi-analytical solution for determining plastic parameters of metallic materials from scratch tests . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES , 2025 , 310 . |
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The rapid progress in the development and implementation of smart electronics and flexible devices has stimulated the need to produce energy storage units of high efficiency at low cost. In this work, we use laser-induced graphene to construct in-plane micro-supercapacitors (mu -SCs) and delve into the effects of inter-finger spacing, finger width, deformation state, and temperature on the electrochemical performance of the mu -SCs with five different gel polymer electrolytes made from H2SO4, H3PO4, KOH, NaOH, and NaCl, respectively. The mu -SCs with the electrolyte from the PVA/H2SO4 gel polymer exhibit the best performance under bending and torsion. Increasing temperature causes a slight increase of the specific areal capacitance. Increasing the inter-finger spacing reduces the specific areal capacitance, and the finger width has a limited effect on the specific areal capacitance. The capacitance retention of the mu -SCs with the electrolyte from the PVA/H2SO4 gel polymer is 94.24 % of the initial capacitance after 10,000 electrochemical cycles at a scan rate of 0.1 V/s. The specific areal capacitance of integrated mu -SCs constructed from individual mu -SCs with the PVA/H2SO4 gel polymer is inversely proportional to the number of mu -SCs for the series connection and proportional to the number of mu -SCs for the parallel connection. This study provides a feasible method to produce flexible mu -SCs of high efficiency at low cost.
Keyword ：
Gel polymer electrolytes Gel polymer electrolytes In-plane micro-supercapacitor In-plane micro-supercapacitor Interdigital structure Interdigital structure Laser-induced graphene Laser-induced graphene
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Zhitong , Liu, Ming , Zhang, Yulin et al. Flexible micro-supercapacitors from laser-induced graphene and gel polymer electrolytes [J]. | JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE , 2025 , 105 . |
| MLA | Xu, Zhitong et al. "Flexible micro-supercapacitors from laser-induced graphene and gel polymer electrolytes" . | JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE 105 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Zhitong , Liu, Ming , Zhang, Yulin , Yang, Fuqian . Flexible micro-supercapacitors from laser-induced graphene and gel polymer electrolytes . | JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE , 2025 , 105 . |
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Developing bimetallic interfaces with high interfacial bonding strength is important for metallic composites used under harsh service conditions. However, the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds is unavoidable for some interface combinations, resulting in a significant deterioration of bonding strength. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a Cu alloy/Al alloy interface with a shear strength of 126 +/- 15 MPa - a value almost twice that reported in previous studies. The exceptional interfacial bonding strength is attributed to a special interface structure, composed of brittle intermetallic compound layers connected internally by dowels of a metastable Cu2Al3 phase, achieved via alloy design and process control. During solid-liquid composite processing, a liquid diffusion layer forms at the interface between the Cu and Al alloys. A precursor Cu4Al7Ni phase then develops at the Cu side and transforms into a metastable Cu2Al3 phase with a banded structure. Finally, layers of Cu9Al4 and CuAl2 layers form, which are fully connected to the Cu2Al3 phase. The banded arrangement of the Cu2Al3 phase acts to block crack propagation and deflect cracks into the eutectic layer and Al alloy, resulting in an ultra-high interfacial bonding strength. This work demonstrates that high interfacial bonding strength can be achieved by tailoring the interface structure instead of by decreasing the interface thickness, and thus paves a new way for developing high-performance bimetallic interfaces.
Keyword ：
Bimetallic composite Bimetallic composite Cu2Al3 phase Cu2Al3 phase Cu9Al4/CuAl2interface Cu9Al4/CuAl2interface Interfacial bonding strength Interfacial bonding strength Intermetallic compounds Intermetallic compounds
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| GB/T 7714 | Tian, Shuke , Zhao, Fan , Wu, Guilin et al. Dowel-like morphology of Cu2Al3 enhances shear strength of interfacial layers in Cu-Al composites [J]. | ACTA MATERIALIA , 2025 , 284 . |
| MLA | Tian, Shuke et al. "Dowel-like morphology of Cu2Al3 enhances shear strength of interfacial layers in Cu-Al composites" . | ACTA MATERIALIA 284 (2025) . |
| APA | Tian, Shuke , Zhao, Fan , Wu, Guilin , Liu, Ming , Godfrey, Andrew , Xie, Jianxin et al. Dowel-like morphology of Cu2Al3 enhances shear strength of interfacial layers in Cu-Al composites . | ACTA MATERIALIA , 2025 , 284 . |
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ScAlMgO4 (SCAM), which can be used as an epitaxial substrate material of GaN in power devices, faces the challenge of achieving a high-quality surface by ultra-precision polishing due to its brittle and easily cleaved characteristics, which are closely associated with its mechanical properties. The micromechanical properties of SCAM single crystals were evaluated by nanoindentation and microscratch tests using different indenters. The elastic modulus EIT and the indentation hardness HIT of SCAM obtained by nanoindentation were 226 GPa and 12.1 GPa, respectively. Leaf-shaped chips and the associated step-like planes of SCAM can be found in the severely damaged regime during scratching by Berkovich and Vickers indenters with sharp edges due to the intersection of intense radial and lateral cracks. The fracture toughness (Kc = 1.12 MPa·m1/2) of SCAM can be obtained by using a scratch-based methodology for a spherical indenter based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) under an appropriate range of applied loads. An optimal expression for calculating the fracture toughness of easily cleaved materials, including SCAM, via the Vickers indenter-induced cracking method using a Berkovich indenter was recommended. © 2024 by the authors.
Keyword ：
fracture toughness fracture toughness micromechanical properties micromechanical properties microscratch microscratch nanoindentation nanoindentation ScAlMgO4 single crystal ScAlMgO4 single crystal
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| GB/T 7714 | Ni, Z. , Yu, J. , Chen, G. et al. Micro/Nanomechanical Characterization of ScAlMgO4 Single Crystal by Instrumented Indentation and Scratch Methods [J]. | Materials , 2024 , 17 (15) . |
| MLA | Ni, Z. et al. "Micro/Nanomechanical Characterization of ScAlMgO4 Single Crystal by Instrumented Indentation and Scratch Methods" . | Materials 17 . 15 (2024) . |
| APA | Ni, Z. , Yu, J. , Chen, G. , Ji, M. , Qian, S. , Bian, D. et al. Micro/Nanomechanical Characterization of ScAlMgO4 Single Crystal by Instrumented Indentation and Scratch Methods . | Materials , 2024 , 17 (15) . |
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High-entropy or medium-entropy alloys are emerging as promising materials for high-temperature applications due to exceptional properties. In this study, the nano Al2O3 reinforced (CoCrNi)94Al3Ti3 medium-entropy alloy (MEA) composites were prepared using spark plasma sintering (SPS). The nanohardness (7.0 GPa) and elastic modulus (255.3 GPa) of (CoCrNi)94Al3Ti3-2 wt% Al2O3 (2AMEA) are notably higher than MEA, reducing the wear rate by about 50% at 25 and 400 °C compared to the MEA. Meanwhile, 2AMEA forms a continuous strip-like oxide glaze tribo-layer at 800 °C, porviding excellent antioxidative and tribological properties. This study proved the feasibility of enhancing high-temperature wear resistance of medium-entropy alloy via nano-Al2O3. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Alumina Alumina Aluminum alloys Aluminum alloys Aluminum oxide Aluminum oxide Cobalt alloys Cobalt alloys Entropy Entropy High-entropy alloys High-entropy alloys High temperature applications High temperature applications Reinforcement Reinforcement Spark plasma sintering Spark plasma sintering Tribology Tribology Wear of materials Wear of materials Wear resistance Wear resistance
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Kaixuan , Cheng, Jun , Cheng, Qianqian et al. Enhanced wear resistance in (CoCrNi)94Al3Ti3 medium-entropy alloy at high temperatures via nano-Al2O3 reinforcing phase [J]. | Tribology International , 2024 , 195 . |
| MLA | Yu, Kaixuan et al. "Enhanced wear resistance in (CoCrNi)94Al3Ti3 medium-entropy alloy at high temperatures via nano-Al2O3 reinforcing phase" . | Tribology International 195 (2024) . |
| APA | Yu, Kaixuan , Cheng, Jun , Cheng, Qianqian , Geng, Yushan , Zhu, Shengyu , Liu, Ming et al. Enhanced wear resistance in (CoCrNi)94Al3Ti3 medium-entropy alloy at high temperatures via nano-Al2O3 reinforcing phase . | Tribology International , 2024 , 195 . |
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Flexible electronics have attracted great interest because of their potential applications in healthcare monitoring and human-computer interaction. The performance of flexible electronics depends on the design of structure, materials, and mechanical responses. In this work, we explore the use of polyurethane (PU) sponge as the scaffold to form flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors with conductive networks made from conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS and MXene nanosheets. The sensitivity of the prepared pressure sensors reaches 0.2171 kPa−1 under mechanical pressure in a range of 1.8–6.15 kPa. The prepared pressure sensors are re-usable after washing. The applications of the prepared pressure sensors in the sensing of physiological behavior are demonstrated under the action of finger tapping, finger bending, vocal cord vibration, swallowing, and pulsing of radial artery. The prepared pressure sensors have great prospects for applications in human-machine interaction and physiological diagnosis. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Keyword ：
Flexible pressure sensor Flexible pressure sensor MXene nanosheets MXene nanosheets PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer Polyurethane sponge Polyurethane sponge
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, M. , Liu, X. , Yang, F. . Flexible and washable MXene@PEDOT:PSS@CS@PU pressure sensors [J]. | Sensors and Actuators A: Physical , 2024 , 378 . |
| MLA | Liu, M. et al. "Flexible and washable MXene@PEDOT:PSS@CS@PU pressure sensors" . | Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 378 (2024) . |
| APA | Liu, M. , Liu, X. , Yang, F. . Flexible and washable MXene@PEDOT:PSS@CS@PU pressure sensors . | Sensors and Actuators A: Physical , 2024 , 378 . |
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Vat photopolymerized 3D printing technology can be used to fabricate ceramics with complex shapes. However, the extensive use of photosensitive resins as binders is not conducive to achieving crack-free ceramic green parts, especially the Si3N4 ceramics with the weak interlayer bonding. In this work, the influence of different debinding atmosphere on the pyrolysis process of organics in vat photopolymerization 3D printed Si3N4 green parts was investigated. The results showed that the use of 95 vol% N2+5 vol% H2 atmosphere can effectively inhibit the cracking during the debinding process, especially the wall thickness of the 3D printed defect-free Si3N4 green body was successfully increased to 5 mm, and the obtained sintered Si3N4 ceramics exhibited higher true densities and better mechanical properties. The debinding atmospheres proposed in the current work provided additional options of debinding atmosphere for achieving high-performance 3D printed Si3N4 ceramics and are expected to be expanded to other photosensitive slurry systems, with the potential to enable the production of ceramic components with the larger wall thicknesses. © 2024
Keyword ：
Debinding atmosphere Debinding atmosphere Mechanical properties Mechanical properties Si3N4 ceramics Si3N4 ceramics Sintering temperature Sintering temperature Vat photopolymerization 3D printing Vat photopolymerization 3D printing
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| GB/T 7714 | Shen, M. , Fu, R. , Zhang, Y. et al. Defect-free Si3N4 ceramics by vat photopolymerization 3D printing with nitrogen-hydrogen debinding atmosphere [J]. | Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 (21) : 42709-42720 . |
| MLA | Shen, M. et al. "Defect-free Si3N4 ceramics by vat photopolymerization 3D printing with nitrogen-hydrogen debinding atmosphere" . | Ceramics International 50 . 21 (2024) : 42709-42720 . |
| APA | Shen, M. , Fu, R. , Zhang, Y. , Sun, K. , Xu, W. , Jiang, Y. et al. Defect-free Si3N4 ceramics by vat photopolymerization 3D printing with nitrogen-hydrogen debinding atmosphere . | Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 (21) , 42709-42720 . |
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Micromechanical characterization of brittle ceramics remains challenging due to the difficulty in sample preparation required by conventional tests. The micromechanical properties (e.g., elastic modulus EIT, indentation hardness HIT, and fracture toughness KIC) of ZrO2 and Si3N4 were investigated by indentation and scratch tests with different indenters (e.g., Vickers, Knoop, and Berkovich indenters) under various loads. The ratio of the true hardness by the Vickers indenter over that by the Knoop indenter is approximately a constant of 1.13 and independent of material. Elastic recovery of residual imprint by the Knoop indenter was also used to assess elastic modulus of ZrO2 and Si3N4, and modified equations were proposed. The length of Vickers indenter-induced cracking was found to be proportional to the applied load under large loads, and a modified formula for calculating fracture toughness was proposed for ZrO2 and Si3N4, which have relatively large fracture toughness of about 9 MPa⋅m1/2. The critical void volume fraction f* in the nanoindentation energy-based methods was found to linearly decrease with the exponent mf of the power-law equation used for curve fitting of the degradation of HIT or EIT with hmax. The determination of fracture toughness by scratch methodology was found to be affected by mechanical properties of material, indenter geometry, and data range. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.
Keyword ：
Brittle fracture Brittle fracture Ceramic materials Ceramic materials Curve fitting Curve fitting Ductile fracture Ductile fracture Elastic moduli Elastic moduli Fracture testing Fracture testing Fracture toughness Fracture toughness Hardness Hardness Indentation Indentation Silicon nitride Silicon nitride Void fraction Void fraction Weibull distribution Weibull distribution Zirconia Zirconia
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Ming , Chen, Shuai . Micromechanical characterization of zirconia and silicon nitride ceramics using indentation and scratch methods [J]. | Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 (11) : 19982-20010 . |
| MLA | Liu, Ming et al. "Micromechanical characterization of zirconia and silicon nitride ceramics using indentation and scratch methods" . | Ceramics International 50 . 11 (2024) : 19982-20010 . |
| APA | Liu, Ming , Chen, Shuai . Micromechanical characterization of zirconia and silicon nitride ceramics using indentation and scratch methods . | Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 (11) , 19982-20010 . |
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In this study, to clarify the failure mechanism of the last-stage rotor blade in the low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine, the peculiarities of crack initiation and propagation on the inlet side of the last-stage rotor blade at a distance of 125–165 mm were analyzed, along with the corrosion fatigue properties of its materials. The results showed that crack initiation occurred at the tip of the pit due to a combination of factors: stress concentration at the tip of the pit, corrosion of the Cr-poor area near the prior austenite grain boundary, centrifugal tensile stress, and steam bending stress. The crack propagation could be divided into the initial intergranular and late transgranular propagation stages. The main reason for the initial intergranular propagation was stress corrosion, and the main reason for the later transgranular propagation was corrosion fatigue. High-frequency induction quenching technology can improve the microhardness of the blade's surface material and enhance the blade's resistance to water erosion, but it may also reduce the corrosion fatigue resistance of the blade material. The rotary bending corrosion fatigue test can effectively simulate the crack propagation process of the blade. These results are of great significance for the safe operation of the last-stage rotor blade in the low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine. © 2024 The Authors
Keyword ：
Corrosion fatigue test Corrosion fatigue test Crack Crack High-frequency induction quenching High-frequency induction quenching Last-stage rotor blade Last-stage rotor blade Martensitic stainless steel Martensitic stainless steel
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| GB/T 7714 | Gao, J. , Tang, Z. , Guo, B. et al. Study of cracks in the last-stage rotor blade of a steam turbine and the corrosion fatigue properties of its materials [J]. | Heliyon , 2024 , 10 (17) . |
| MLA | Gao, J. et al. "Study of cracks in the last-stage rotor blade of a steam turbine and the corrosion fatigue properties of its materials" . | Heliyon 10 . 17 (2024) . |
| APA | Gao, J. , Tang, Z. , Guo, B. , Xu, Z. , Liu, M. , Sun, W. et al. Study of cracks in the last-stage rotor blade of a steam turbine and the corrosion fatigue properties of its materials . | Heliyon , 2024 , 10 (17) . |
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