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学者姓名：曹洋
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Abstract ：
为保证软土地层中地铁线路建造及运营的稳定性,可通过注浆加固提高结构周边土体强度,而根据加固程度不同,土体介质的非连续性将逐渐转变,对应动力传递特性随之变化,因此行车状态下加固区及周边地层的动力响应分布模式有待进一步探索.基于解析理论建立含加固区的地铁线路-地层动力耦合模型,将加固土及天然土考虑为具有不同物理力学属性的饱和多孔介质,利用Biot理论分别推导运动方程,地铁结构视为均匀厚度的无限长圆柱壳体,采用无扭矩条件下薄壁圆柱壳理论进行描述.根据动力系统各交界面间的位移及应力连续条件,将以上各部位振动方程构建形成耦合动力方程组,计算了地铁周边含加固区地层的振动情况,并进一步对比了加固区刚度及黏滞阻尼对地层动力响应分布及传递的影响.结果表明:稳态作用下,地铁周边地层切向加速度最大值在结构斜下方两侧30°处呈蝉翼状分布,径向加速度最大值出现在荷载作用方向土体内部;由于输入波形的简谐特性,加速度在地层中呈波动式衰减,但在加固区范围内切向加速度出现明显的放大现象,振动进入天然土后,受地层阻尼影响,动力响应显著衰减;提高加固区刚度有利于降低对切向加速度的传导,而径向加速度变化不大,黏滞阻尼减小时,所传递动力响应有所提升.
Keyword ：
加固区 加固区 动力传递 动力传递 地铁 地铁 解析法 解析法 饱和地层 饱和地层
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| GB/T 7714 | 曹洋 , 张利超 , 王祖瑞 et al. 运营地铁周边地层加固区的动力扩散传递特性 [J]. | 湖南大学学报（自然科学版） , 2025 , 52 (3) : 161-169 . |
| MLA | 曹洋 et al. "运营地铁周边地层加固区的动力扩散传递特性" . | 湖南大学学报（自然科学版） 52 . 3 (2025) : 161-169 . |
| APA | 曹洋 , 张利超 , 王祖瑞 , 李交锋 , 谭赠华 . 运营地铁周边地层加固区的动力扩散传递特性 . | 湖南大学学报（自然科学版） , 2025 , 52 (3) , 161-169 . |
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Metro tunnels often experience uneven settlement of the soil beneath them during operation, a problem that is especially pronounced in soft soil layers such as silt. This uneven settlement negatively affects the operational safety of subways, prompting engineers to use soil reinforcement techniques to mitigate ground deformation. However, there is a lack of research on the cumulative deformation of reinforced soils under cyclic train loading. In this study, dynamic triaxial tests were conducted to obtain the deformation parameters of silty reinforced soils under cyclic loading. The principal dynamic relationship was summarized, and the effect of loading frequency on soil deformation was analyzed. The results indicated that as the loading frequency increased, the cumulative deformation of the soil decreased. Using the dynamic constitutive relationship derived from the tests, the finite element method was employed to model the interaction system between the load, tunnel, and strata, as well as the dynamic modulus attenuation behavior of the reinforced soil layer. This approach was used to investigate the cumulative deformation characteristics of reinforced soils under cyclic loading. The findings indicated that the dynamic modulus of the reinforced soil decayed rapidly at the beginning of the loading period, leading to an accelerated increase in the cumulative deformation. Additionally, the cumulative deformation was measured at different train speeds, revealing that when the speeds exceeded 80 km/h, the cumulative strain of the soil increased gradually with speed. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Cyclic loads Cyclic loads Railroad tunnels Railroad tunnels Soil testing Soil testing Subways Subways
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Jiaofeng , Cao, Yang , Chen, Fasheng et al. Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels [J]. | Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering , 2024 , 187 . |
| MLA | Li, Jiaofeng et al. "Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels" . | Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 187 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, Jiaofeng , Cao, Yang , Chen, Fasheng , Lin, Yurui . Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels . | Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering , 2024 , 187 . |
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In addition to the lower foundationsupport, the large volume buried structure bears significant friction effect due to the large-area contact between the side wall and the soil, the additional structural displacement caused by which needs to be focused on. Taking the settlement of the stratum and its internal structures induced by external construction disturbances as the research object, the further effect of side wall friction on the structure settlement was investigated with consideration of the buried structure subsidence with the underlying stratum, and more accurate vertical disturbance displacement calculation results were obtained according to the characteristics of large-volume buried structures. With the typical engineering case of the shield tunnel excavation underpassing the underground passageway, the mechanical equilibrium equation of the passageway structure affected by the excavation disturbance was established based on the Pasternak foundation model and the two-stage analysis method.Then, the Clough-Duncan hyperbolic model was introduced between the side wall of the structure and the soil, and the load balance formula under the vertical friction between the structure and the stratum was further established to describe the additional effect of friction on the passageway settlement.The equation was iteratively solved by the finite difference method. Finally, the applicability of the calculation method was verified by practical engineering. The results show that the excavation disturbance of shield tunnel brings different settlement between the buried structure and the surrounding stratum, and the resulting settlement difference between the passageway and the side soil generates significant shear stress in the side wall of the structure.The large contact area between the passageway side wall and the soil makes the structure continue to sink with the stratum, and the settlement calculation result corresponding to the friction in the soft soil stratum increases by more than 30%. Therefore, the additional vertical displacement caused by side wall friction cannot be ignored in large-volume buried structures. © 2024 Editorial Board of Journal of Basic Science and Engineering. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Hyperbolic functions Hyperbolic functions Internal friction Internal friction Settlement of structures Settlement of structures Shear stress Shear stress Shielding Shielding Soil structure interactions Soil structure interactions Tunneling (excavation) Tunneling (excavation) Underground structures Underground structures Underpasses Underpasses Walls (structural partitions) Walls (structural partitions)
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| GB/T 7714 | Cao, Yang , Ding, Xiaohan , Tao, Jing et al. Calculation Method of Disturbed Settlement of Buried Structures Considering Side Wall Friction [J]. | Journal of Basic Science and Engineering , 2024 , 32 (5) : 1463-1473 . |
| MLA | Cao, Yang et al. "Calculation Method of Disturbed Settlement of Buried Structures Considering Side Wall Friction" . | Journal of Basic Science and Engineering 32 . 5 (2024) : 1463-1473 . |
| APA | Cao, Yang , Ding, Xiaohan , Tao, Jing , Li, Guozheng , Yao, Kaijie . Calculation Method of Disturbed Settlement of Buried Structures Considering Side Wall Friction . | Journal of Basic Science and Engineering , 2024 , 32 (5) , 1463-1473 . |
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针对固定辙叉钢轨廓形不规则变化特点，基于B样条理论提出一种考虑固定辙叉钢轨断面廓形特征的参数化设计方法，并提出拟合钢轨廓形贴合度评价指标和关键控制参数对廓形贴合度影响权重指标；以60 kg/m钢轨12号固定辙叉为例，采用DOE (design of experiments)方法分析轨顶横坡、侧面纵坡和复合圆弧段比例系数对心轨轨头整体廓形、轨顶面廓形和侧面廓形的影响.结果表明：1）在心轨20 mm断面，轨顶横坡、侧面纵坡和复合圆弧段比例系数对心轨整体廓形变化的影响权重分别为21.08%、56.89%和22.02%，对心轨顶面廓形变化影响权重分别为8.42%、61.95%、29.63%；在心轨50 mm断面，各关键控制参数对心轨轨头整体廓形变化影响权重分别为55.9%、33.38%、10.72%；侧面纵坡对心轨20 mm和50 mm断面的侧面廓形变化影响权重分别为76.82%、66.04%. 2）当心轨轨头宽度为20 mm时，侧面纵坡对各部分廓形变化影响均达到50%以上；随着心轨轨头宽度的增大，心轨轨顶横坡对整体廓形变化影响权重由21.8%增至55.9%，侧面纵坡和复合圆弧段比例系数影响权重则分别减小41.3%和51.3%.
Keyword ：
B样条曲线 B样条曲线 DOE设计 DOE设计 参数化设计 参数化设计 固定辙叉 固定辙叉 道岔 道岔 钢轨廓形 钢轨廓形
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| GB/T 7714 | 赵卫华 , 曹洋 . 基于B样条曲线的心轨重构廓形参数影响分析 [J]. | 西南交通大学学报 , 2024 , 59 (02) : 264-272 . |
| MLA | 赵卫华 et al. "基于B样条曲线的心轨重构廓形参数影响分析" . | 西南交通大学学报 59 . 02 (2024) : 264-272 . |
| APA | 赵卫华 , 曹洋 . 基于B样条曲线的心轨重构廓形参数影响分析 . | 西南交通大学学报 , 2024 , 59 (02) , 264-272 . |
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According to irregular changes in rail profiles in a fixed-nose crossing, a parametric design method was proposed based on the B-spline theory by considering the section characteristics of rail profiles in a fixed-nose crossing. In addition, the rail profile fitting evaluation indexes and the influence weights of key control parameters on the rail profile fitting were proposed. With No.12 turnout of fixed-nose crossing of 60 kg/m rail as an example, the design of experiment (DOE) was employed to analyze the influence of railhead slope, rail side slope, and proportion coefficient of composite circular arc on the changes in the full railhead profile, rail top profile, and rail side profile of the nose rail. The results show that 1) for nose rail with a section of 20 mm, the influence weights of railhead slope, rail side slope, and proportion coefficient of composite circular arc on the full railhead profile change are 21.08%, 56.89%, and 22.02%, respectively, and the influence weights on the rail top profile change of the nose rail are 8.42%, 61.95%, and 29.63%, respectively. For nose rail with a section of 50 mm, the influence weights of the key control parameters on the full railhead profile change are 55.9%, 33.38%, and 10.72%, respectively. For nose rails with a section of 20 mm and 50 mm, the influence weights of the rail side slope on the rail side profile change are 76.82% and 66.04%, respectively. 2) When the nose railhead width is 20 mm, the influence of the rail side slope on the nose profiles is more than 50%. As the nose railhead width increases, the influence weight of railhead slope on full railhead profile gradually increases from 21.8% to 55.9%, while that of rail side profile and proportion coefficient of composite circular arc is reduced by 41.3% and 51.3%, respectively. © 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Curve fitting Curve fitting Design of experiments Design of experiments Interpolation Interpolation Rails Rails
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhao, Weihua , Cao, Yang . Influence of Nose Rail Reconstruction Profile Parameters Based on B-Spline Curve [J]. | Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University , 2024 , 59 (2) : 264-272 . |
| MLA | Zhao, Weihua et al. "Influence of Nose Rail Reconstruction Profile Parameters Based on B-Spline Curve" . | Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 59 . 2 (2024) : 264-272 . |
| APA | Zhao, Weihua , Cao, Yang . Influence of Nose Rail Reconstruction Profile Parameters Based on B-Spline Curve . | Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University , 2024 , 59 (2) , 264-272 . |
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Metro tunnels often experience uneven settlement of the soil beneath them during operation, a problem that is especially pronounced in soft soil layers such as silt. This uneven settlement negatively affects the operational safety of subways, prompting engineers to use soil reinforcement techniques to mitigate ground deformation. However, there is a lack of research on the cumulative deformation of reinforced soils under cyclic train loading. In this study, dynamic triaxial tests were conducted to obtain the deformation parameters of silty reinforced soils under cyclic loading. The principal dynamic relationship was summarized, and the effect of loading frequency on soil deformation was analyzed. The results indicated that as the loading frequency increased, the cumulative deformation of the soil decreased. Using the dynamic constitutive relationship derived from the tests, the finite element method was employed to model the interaction system between the load, tunnel, and strata, as well as the dynamic modulus attenuation behavior of the reinforced soil layer. This approach was used to investigate the cumulative deformation characteristics of reinforced soils under cyclic loading. The findings indicated that the dynamic modulus of the reinforced soil decayed rapidly at the beginning of the loading period, leading to an accelerated increase in the cumulative deformation. Additionally, the cumulative deformation was measured at different train speeds, revealing that when the speeds exceeded 80 km/h, the cumulative strain of the soil increased gradually with speed.
Keyword ：
Degree of reinforcement Degree of reinforcement Dynamic principal-constituent relationship Dynamic principal-constituent relationship Dynamic triaxial test Dynamic triaxial test Numerical simulation Numerical simulation Silty reinforced soil Silty reinforced soil Train load Train load
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Jiaofeng , Cao, Yang , Chen, Fasheng et al. Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels [J]. | SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 187 . |
| MLA | Li, Jiaofeng et al. "Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels" . | SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING 187 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, Jiaofeng , Cao, Yang , Chen, Fasheng , Lin, Yurui . Cumulative effects of cyclic train loading on strains in reinforced soils around tunnels . | SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 187 . |
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Abstract ：
为观察盾构施工中同步注浆扩散规律,并提出注浆参数调控手段,以滨海砂土地层为目标,设计并开展盾尾同步注浆模型试验,获得隧道外侧不同位置浆液扩散规律.在借助试验结果标定离散元模型中各颗粒间接触参数的基础上,建立盾尾同步注浆连续-离散元耦合模型,模拟浆液填充渗透过程,对照试验结果分析导致注浆层厚度差异的主要原因,进而通过调整注浆参数优化浆液填充效果.结果表明:离散元仿真模型中的颗粒运移特性能够有效展示浆液在盾尾间隙及周边土层中的填充、渗透现象;受流动性影响,浆液较易在注浆孔口聚集,而若注浆压力不足,将导致距离注浆孔较远的隧道上、下侧浆液层均匀性不良,通过调整不同部位注浆孔压力配比关系,可有效改善填充效果;注浆层受土层压力影响,隧道上方厚度相对下侧较薄,而侧面浆液在自身重力作用下向下沉积,呈上薄下厚分布.
Keyword ：
参数优化 参数优化 同步注浆 同步注浆 模型试验 模型试验 浆液扩散 浆液扩散 盾构隧道 盾构隧道 离散元法 离散元法
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| GB/T 7714 | 曹洋 , 刘杨 , 张超宇 et al. 基于离散元法的盾尾同步注浆扩散及参数优化研究 [J]. | 岩土工程学报 , 2024 , 46 (10) : 2119-2128 . |
| MLA | 曹洋 et al. "基于离散元法的盾尾同步注浆扩散及参数优化研究" . | 岩土工程学报 46 . 10 (2024) : 2119-2128 . |
| APA | 曹洋 , 刘杨 , 张超宇 , 杨俊杰 , 李国政 . 基于离散元法的盾尾同步注浆扩散及参数优化研究 . | 岩土工程学报 , 2024 , 46 (10) , 2119-2128 . |
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In order to evaluate the quality of the synchronous grouting of shield construction and to propose the regulation means of grouting parameters, taking the coastal sandy soil stratum as the target, the model tests on shield synchronous grouting are designed and carried out to obtain the slurry diffusion laws at various locations at the outside of a tunnel. On the basis of calibrating the contact parameters between particles in the discrete element model with the help of the test results, a continuous-discrete element coupling model for the shield synchronous grouting is established to simulate the process of filling and penetration of the slurry, and to analyze the main reasons leading to the difference in the thickness of the slurry layer in comparison with the test results, and then to optimize the filling effects of the slurry by adjusting the grouting parameters. The results show that the particle migration characteristics of the discrete element simulation model can effectively display the filling and permeation phenomena of the slurry in the excavation gap and the surrounding soil layer. Affected by the mobility, the slurry is easy to gather in the grouting hole, and if the grouting pressure is insufficient, it will lead to poor homogeneity of the slurry layer at the upper and lower sides of the tunnel which are far away from the grouting hole. The filling effects can be effectively improved by adjusting the pressure difference between the grouting holes of the shield machine. Affected by the pressure of the soil layer, the thickness of the slurry layer at the upper side of the tunnel is relatively thinner compared to that at the lower side, and the slurry at the lateral side of the tunnel will deposit under the action of its own gravity, and shows a distribution of 'thin on the upper part and thick on the lower part'. © 2024 Chinese Society of Civil Engineering. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Concrete beams and girders Concrete beams and girders Energy efficiency Energy efficiency Grouting Grouting Mortar Mortar Shielding Shielding Soil testing Soil testing Tunneling (excavation) Tunneling (excavation)
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| GB/T 7714 | Cao, Yang , Liu, Yang , Zhang, Chaoyu et al. Synchronous grouting diffusion and parameter optimization of shield tunnels based on discrete element method [J]. | Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 46 (10) : 2119-2128 . |
| MLA | Cao, Yang et al. "Synchronous grouting diffusion and parameter optimization of shield tunnels based on discrete element method" . | Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 46 . 10 (2024) : 2119-2128 . |
| APA | Cao, Yang , Liu, Yang , Zhang, Chaoyu , Yang, Junjie , Li, Guozheng . Synchronous grouting diffusion and parameter optimization of shield tunnels based on discrete element method . | Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 46 (10) , 2119-2128 . |
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大体积地下埋置结构除承受下部地基支撑外,侧壁与土体的大面积接触将产生显著的摩擦效应,由此导致的结构附加变位有待重点关注.以外部施工扰动引起的地层及其内部既有结构物沉降为研究目标,在考虑埋置结构伴随下部地层出现下沉的基础上,观察侧壁摩擦对结构沉降的影响,从而得到更为精确的大体积结构物竖向扰动变位计算结果.借助盾构隧道下穿地下行车通道开挖这一典型工程案例,首先基于Pasternak地基模型并结合两阶段分析方法,建立通道结构在开挖扰动作用下的力学平衡方程,进而在结构侧壁与土体间引入Clough-Duncan 双曲线模型,进一步建立在结构.地层竖向摩擦作用 下的荷载平衡公式,描述摩擦力对行车通道沉降的附加效果,并利用有限差分方法对方程进行循环迭代求解,最后通过实际工程案例验证该计算方法的适用性.结果表明,盾构隧道下穿开挖扰动带来埋置结构与两侧地层不同程度的沉降变形,由此形成的行车通道与侧面土体沉降差在结构侧壁产生显著的剪切应力,通道侧壁与土体较大的接触面积使地层沉降带动结构物继续下沉,软弱土地层中摩擦力对应的计算结果增量高达30％以上.因此,对于大体积地下埋置结构而言,由侧壁摩擦导致的结构竖向附加变位不可忽略.
Keyword ：
Clough-Duncan双曲线模型 Clough-Duncan双曲线模型 侧壁摩擦 侧壁摩擦 埋置结构 埋置结构 扰动变位 扰动变位 盾构下穿 盾构下穿 计算方法 计算方法
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| GB/T 7714 | 曹洋 , 丁笑寒 , 陶静 et al. 考虑侧壁摩擦的埋置结构扰动沉降计算方法研究 [J]. | 应用基础与工程科学学报 , 2024 , 32 (5) : 1463-1473 . |
| MLA | 曹洋 et al. "考虑侧壁摩擦的埋置结构扰动沉降计算方法研究" . | 应用基础与工程科学学报 32 . 5 (2024) : 1463-1473 . |
| APA | 曹洋 , 丁笑寒 , 陶静 , 李国政 , 姚凯捷 . 考虑侧壁摩擦的埋置结构扰动沉降计算方法研究 . | 应用基础与工程科学学报 , 2024 , 32 (5) , 1463-1473 . |
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The milled shape of point blades is one of the main factors causing structural problems with railway points (also known as turnouts or switches). Choosing the right type of milling for point blades can improve train running performance. Based on wheel-rail system dynamics, a vehicle-points dynamic model with various milling methods was established, from which a selection and evaluation method for milling was proposed. The service performance of four milling types was compared and combined with point blade robustness to provide a comprehensive evaluation. It was found that a small rate of railhead width change for an oblique tangent point blade resulted in better running performance of trains. The oblique secant point blade caused an abrupt change in the rail layout, which reduced train running steadiness. The railhead widths of longitudinal secant and longitudinal secant-oblique tangent point blades increased quickly, and the corresponding dynamic responses were at an intermediate level. The proposed selection and evaluation method for milling types took into account the dynamic characteristics and structural durability of the points. It will be beneficial in selecting an appropriate milling type for points blades according to their service requirements.
Keyword ：
dynamics dynamics numerical modelling numerical modelling railway tracks railway tracks
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| GB/T 7714 | Cao, Yang , Zhao, Weihua , Li, Jiaofeng et al. Dynamic selection and evaluation of alternative milling types for railway points [J]. | PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-TRANSPORT , 2023 . |
| MLA | Cao, Yang et al. "Dynamic selection and evaluation of alternative milling types for railway points" . | PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-TRANSPORT (2023) . |
| APA | Cao, Yang , Zhao, Weihua , Li, Jiaofeng , Ding, Xiaohan , Shi, Hao . Dynamic selection and evaluation of alternative milling types for railway points . | PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-TRANSPORT , 2023 . |
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