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学者姓名：夏传安
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Abstract ：
We develop a reduced-order modeling strategy aimed at providing numerical Monte Carlo simulations of groundwater flow in randomly heterogeneous transmissivity fields. We rely on moment equations for groundwater flow and conduct space reductions for both transmissivity, T , and hydraulic head, h . A truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) solver is employed to cope with the ill-conditioned stiffness matrix caused by (negative and thus) unphysical values of T that might arise due to possible low accuracy stemming from the order of model reduction. The performance of the approach is assessed through the analysis of various synthetic reference scenarios. These encompass diverse degrees of heterogeneity of the transmissivity field and various values of reduced-order dimensions, n and m , associated with h and T , respectively. Transmissivity is conceptualized as a composite (spatial) random field where there is uncertainty in the locations of regions associated with diverse geomaterials as well as in the heterogeneity of transmissivity therein. Our results are also compared against their counterparts that one could obtain upon performing a model reduction solely on the basis of hydraulic heads. Our findings show that: (i) resting on the truncated SVD solver is beneficial for coping with ill- conditioned stiffness matrices; (ii) the two model reduction strategies provide comparable solution accuracy for m >= 5n, while (iii) the computational cost associated with the reduced-order model based on space reduction for both T and h is always significantly smaller than that associated with space reduction based solely on h .
Keyword ：
Groundwater Groundwater Moment equations Moment equations Monte Carlo simulation Monte Carlo simulation Reduced-order model Reduced-order model Truncated singular value decomposition Truncated singular value decomposition
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| GB/T 7714 | Xia, Chuan-An , Wang, Hao , Jian, Wenbin et al. Reduced-order Monte Carlo simulation framework for groundwater flow in randomly heterogeneous composite transmissivity fields [J]. | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY , 2025 , 651 . |
| MLA | Xia, Chuan-An et al. "Reduced-order Monte Carlo simulation framework for groundwater flow in randomly heterogeneous composite transmissivity fields" . | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 651 (2025) . |
| APA | Xia, Chuan-An , Wang, Hao , Jian, Wenbin , Riva, Monica , Guadagnini, Alberto . Reduced-order Monte Carlo simulation framework for groundwater flow in randomly heterogeneous composite transmissivity fields . | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY , 2025 , 651 . |
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Rainfall-induced landslides are widely distributed in many countries. Rainfall impacts the hydraulic dynamics of groundwater and, therefore, slope stability. We derive an analytical solution of slope stability considering effective rainfall based on the Richards equation. We define effective rainfall as the total volume of rainfall stored within a given range of the unsaturated zone during rainfall events. The slope stability at the depth of interest is provided as a function of effective rainfall. The validity of analytical solutions of system states related to effective rainfall, for infinite slopes of a granite residual soil, is verified by comparing them with the corresponding numerical solutions. Additionally, three approaches to global sensitivity analysis are used to compute the sensitivity of the slope stability to a variety of factors of interest. These factors are the reciprocal of the air-entry value of the soil alpha, the thickness of the unsaturated zone L, the cohesion of soil c, the internal friction angle phi related to the effective normal stress, the slope angle beta, the unit weights of soil particles gamma(s), and the saturated hydraulic conductivity K-s. The results show the following: (1) The analytical solutions are accurate in terms of the relative differences between the analytical and the numerical solutions, which are within 5.00% when considering the latter as references. (2) The temporal evolutions of the shear strength of soil can be sequentially characterized as four periods: (i) strength improvement due to the increasing weight of soil caused by rainfall infiltration, (ii) strength reduction controlled by the increasing pore water pressure, (iii) strength reduction due to the effect of hydrostatic pressure in the transient saturation zone, and (iv) stable strength when all the soil is saturated. (3) The large alpha corresponds to high effective rainfall. (4) The factors ranked in descending order of sensitivity are as follows: alpha > L > c > beta > gamma(s) > K-s > phi.
Keyword ：
analytic solution analytic solution effective rainfall effective rainfall global sensitivity analysis global sensitivity analysis shear strength shear strength slope stability slope stability
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| GB/T 7714 | Xia, Chuan-An , Zhang, Jing-Quan , Wang, Hao et al. Global Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Considering Effective Rainfall with Analytical Solutions [J]. | WATER , 2025 , 17 (2) . |
| MLA | Xia, Chuan-An et al. "Global Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Considering Effective Rainfall with Analytical Solutions" . | WATER 17 . 2 (2025) . |
| APA | Xia, Chuan-An , Zhang, Jing-Quan , Wang, Hao , Jian, Wen-Bin . Global Sensitivity Analysis of Slope Stability Considering Effective Rainfall with Analytical Solutions . | WATER , 2025 , 17 (2) . |
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Localization is critical to the effective use of an (iterative) ensemble Kalman filter or ensemble smoother to estimate uncertain quantities of interest. Here, we propose a novel, fully adaptive, correlation-based localization method (termed FBadap). We embed our FBadap approach within an iterative ensemble smoother to estimate three-dimensional spatially heterogeneous log-conductivity (Y) fields. The latter are characterized through a Generalized sub-Gaussian model, which includes the Gaussian distribution as a particular case. They constitute random fields within which head and concentration observations are collected at monitoring wells screened at multiple depths. To ensure transparent comparisons, we study and analyze the performance of our approach through a wide range of synthetic test cases. These comprise diverse configurations, including (a) various ensemble sizes, (b) various degrees of departure of the description of the spatial heterogeneity from a Gaussian model, as well as (c) different values of the mean and variance of the initial ensemble of Y. Our results show that (i) FBadap is robust adaptive approach enabling one to tackle a variety of settings; (ii) FBadap exhibits stronger adaptivity to cope with diverse ensemble sizes than FBconst, and can provide improved accuracy of conductivity estimates in comparison with traditional methods; and (iii) the quality of conductivity estimates is jointly impacted by the degree of departures of the reference Y field and of the initial ensemble of Y from a description based on a Gaussian model.
Keyword ：
Adaptive threshold Adaptive threshold Contamination Contamination Correlation-based localization Correlation-based localization Ensemble-based data assimilation Ensemble-based data assimilation Generalized sub-Gaussian model Generalized sub-Gaussian model Iterative ensemble smoother Iterative ensemble smoother
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| GB/T 7714 | Xia, Chuan-An , Li, Jiayun , Riva, Monica et al. Characterization of conductivity fields through iterative ensemble smoother and improved correlation-based adaptive localization [J]. | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY , 2024 , 634 . |
| MLA | Xia, Chuan-An et al. "Characterization of conductivity fields through iterative ensemble smoother and improved correlation-based adaptive localization" . | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 634 (2024) . |
| APA | Xia, Chuan-An , Li, Jiayun , Riva, Monica , Luo, Xiaodong , Guadagnini, Alberto . Characterization of conductivity fields through iterative ensemble smoother and improved correlation-based adaptive localization . | JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY , 2024 , 634 . |
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In the studies of groundwater flow and solute transport, many efforts have been made to estimate hydrogeological parameters through physical-distance based localization schemes of ensemble assimilation approaches. However, these methods are unavailable when there are no physical distances between parameters and observations. To avoid this limitation, we calculate the tapering factors in terms of the correlation coefficients between parameters and observations and develop a novel correlation-based localization scheme of iterative ensemble smoother. For the purpose of comparison, a physical distance-based scheme of iterative ensemble smoother together with the new approach are used to assimilate hydraulic head information and estimate the hydraulic conductivity field of a 2D confined aquifer. Among the test cases, we consider different configurations of ensemble size, observation error and number of observations, and their impacts on the accuracy of conductivity estimation can be well explored. The results show that (1) the root mean square error of hydraulic conductivity, RMSE, obtained through the new approach for each test case of interest, is lower than its counterpart through the physical distance-based approach, with the RMSE ranges of [0.830 7, 0.959 0] and [0.839 4, 1.000 0] for all test cases through the two approaches, respectively. (2) The estimated conductivity field has discontinuities when using the physical distance-based approach, but this does not happen when using the new approach. In this study, we develop a novel correlation-based localization scheme of iterative ensemble smoother, which is free of the definitions of physical distances between parameters and observations, yields higher accuracy of parameter estimation in comparison with the physical distance-based approach, and can be a useful tool for estimating hydrogeological parameters. © 2024 Editorial Office of Hydrogeology and Engineering. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
conductivity field conductivity field correlation-based localization correlation-based localization data assimilation data assimilation iterative ensemble smoother iterative ensemble smoother physical distance-based localization physical distance-based localization
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| GB/T 7714 | Xia, C. , Wang, H. , Jian, W. . Estimation of conductivity fields by using a correlation-based localization scheme of iterative ensemble smoother; [基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场] [J]. | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology , 2024 , 51 (1) : 12-21 . |
| MLA | Xia, C. et al. "Estimation of conductivity fields by using a correlation-based localization scheme of iterative ensemble smoother; [基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场]" . | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology 51 . 1 (2024) : 12-21 . |
| APA | Xia, C. , Wang, H. , Jian, W. . Estimation of conductivity fields by using a correlation-based localization scheme of iterative ensemble smoother; [基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场] . | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology , 2024 , 51 (1) , 12-21 . |
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Abstract ：
在地下水流和溶质运移问题中，有较多研究基于物理距离局域化集合同化方法反演水文地质参数。当反演参数与观测信息之间不存在物理距离时，这种方法不适用。为了克服这个局限，通过渗透系数与水头信息之间的相关性计算局域化方法的阻滞因子，构建基于相关性的局域化迭代集合平滑方法。为了方便比较，将该方法和一种基于物理距离的局域化迭代集合平滑一同用于同化水头信息反演二维孔隙承压含水层的渗透系数场。算例中考虑了不同集合大小、观测误差及观测数量等因子的组合，便于分析其对渗透系数反演精度的影响。研究结果显示：（1）在所有算例中新方法得到的渗透系数均方根误差范围为[0.830 7, 0.959 0]，都小于基于物理距离方法的均方根误差，范围为[0.839 4, 1.000 0];(2)基于物理距离方法得到的渗透系数场空间上存在不连续性，而新方法的结果不存在此现象。文章提出了一种新的基于相关性局域化迭代平滑方法，该方法不需要依赖参数与观测信息之间的物理距离且参数反演精度高于基于物理距离的方法，可作为参数反演的科学工具。
Keyword ：
数据同化 数据同化 渗透系数场 渗透系数场 物理距离局域化 物理距离局域化 相关性局域化 相关性局域化 迭代集合平滑 迭代集合平滑
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| GB/T 7714 | 夏传安 , 王浩 , 简文彬 . 基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场 [J]. | 水文地质工程地质 , 2024 , 51 (01) : 12-21 . |
| MLA | 夏传安 et al. "基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场" . | 水文地质工程地质 51 . 01 (2024) : 12-21 . |
| APA | 夏传安 , 王浩 , 简文彬 . 基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场 . | 水文地质工程地质 , 2024 , 51 (01) , 12-21 . |
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变密度地下水流系统受水力梯度和密度梯度共同驱动，非线性强，数值模型计算量大，尤其在开展不确定性分析时需要的计算成本很高。常规的数据驱动机器学习方法只能对点监测信息进行模拟分析，不能模拟整个地下水流系统。本研究发展了变密度地下水流降阶模型，利用高斯过程模型对降阶模型的数值误差进行修正组成耦合模型。耦合模型既能克服高斯过程只能模拟有限监测点信息的缺陷，又能提高降阶模型对监测点信息的模拟精度。考虑二维剖面变密度地下水流案例，将渗透系数场设定为空间随机变量，采用基于全阶模型（FSMC）、降阶模型（ROMC）和耦合模型（GP-ROMC）3种蒙特卡罗模拟方法进行不确定分析。研究结果表明：（1）ROMC能替代FSMC开展不确定性分析；（2）水头和盐度的平均相对二范误差与降阶模型维度的关系可用指数函数描述（决定性系数R2≥0.99）；（3）GP-ROMC对监测点信息的模拟精度比ROMC高，GP-ROMC可有效修正降阶模型误差提高蒙特卡罗模拟的精度。研究成果可为地下水建模、不确定性分析、风险评估及参数反演等工作提供重要技术支撑。
Keyword ：
变密度地下水流 变密度地下水流 地下水 地下水 蒙特卡罗模拟 蒙特卡罗模拟 降阶模型 降阶模型 高斯过程 高斯过程
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| GB/T 7714 | 夏传安 , 樊秀峰 , 王浩 et al. 耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟 [J]. | 水文地质工程地质 , 2024 , 51 (5) : 1-13 . |
| MLA | 夏传安 et al. "耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟" . | 水文地质工程地质 51 . 5 (2024) : 1-13 . |
| APA | 夏传安 , 樊秀峰 , 王浩 , 简文彬 . 耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟 . | 水文地质工程地质 , 2024 , 51 (5) , 1-13 . |
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Variable-density groundwater flow (VDGF) is jointly driven by hydraulic and density gradient, leading to strong nonlinearity, large computational burden of numerical models, and therefore huge computational cost of Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainty analysis. This study developed the reduced-order model (ROM) for VDGF and built the Gaussian process (GP) for simulating the numerical error of the ROM. The coupled model can obtain solutions of head and salinity across the study domain while GP simulates observation information at limited locations. Moreover, the coupled model can provide higher solution accuracies of head and salinity at the observation locations than the ROM. A two-dimensional (cross-section) VDGF test case was considered, where hydraulic conductivity was taken as a spatially random field. MC simulations were performed using three models, including the full-system model, the ROM, and the coupled model, with corresponding MC strategies denoted as FSMC, ROMC, and GP-ROMC, respectively. The results show that ROMC can be an alternative to FSMC for conducting uncertainty quantification. The relationship between head (or salinity) and the dimensional of ROM can be characterized using power functions with determinate coefficients larger than 0.99. GP-ROMC has higher solution accuracy than ROMC, which indicates that GP is capable for simulating the numerical error of ROM. The results in this study are significant for performing simulation, uncertainty quantification, risk assessment, and parameter estimate in the context of groundwater. © 2024 Editorial Office of Hydrogeology and Engineering. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Gaussian process Gaussian process groundwater groundwater Monte Carlo simulation Monte Carlo simulation reduced-order model reduced-order model variable-density groundwater flow variable-density groundwater flow
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| GB/T 7714 | Xia, C. , Fan, X. , Wang, H. et al. Monte Carlo simulation for variable-density groundwater flow through reduced-order model coupled with Gaussian process; [耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟] [J]. | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology , 2024 , 51 (5) : 1-13 . |
| MLA | Xia, C. et al. "Monte Carlo simulation for variable-density groundwater flow through reduced-order model coupled with Gaussian process; [耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟]" . | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology 51 . 5 (2024) : 1-13 . |
| APA | Xia, C. , Fan, X. , Wang, H. , Jian, W. . Monte Carlo simulation for variable-density groundwater flow through reduced-order model coupled with Gaussian process; [耦合变密度地下水流降阶模型与高斯过程的蒙特卡罗模拟] . | Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology , 2024 , 51 (5) , 1-13 . |
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采用微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)技术,开展不同胶结液配比方案的粘性土固化试验.测试MICP固化土样的物理性质、力学强度和矿化反应后的碳酸钙含量,研究胶结液中不同尿素和氯化钙体积配比对土体试样加固效果的影响.结果表明,MICP加固后的各试样与天然含水率重塑土样相比,其含水率和孔隙率均减小,干密度与碳酸钙含量增加,颗粒表面积聚大量CaCO3 晶体,抗剪强度与抗压强度均有不同程度的提高.当尿素和氯化钙的体积配比为 1∶1 时,微生物矿化形成的碳酸钙含量最高;当尿素和氯化钙的体积配比为2∶1时,微生物矿化试样的强度更高.分析认为微生物固土的效果不仅与矿化后的碳酸钙含量有关,也与矿化结晶体的微观结构及其在土体孔隙中的充填特性密切相关.
Keyword ：
力学强度 力学强度 固化试验 固化试验 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术 粘性土 粘性土 胶结液配比 胶结液配比
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| GB/T 7714 | 王浩 , 赖国正 , 夏传安 et al. 微生物固土胶结液的尿素和氯化钙优化配比试验 [J]. | 福州大学学报（自然科学版） , 2024 , 52 (6) : 748-754 . |
| MLA | 王浩 et al. "微生物固土胶结液的尿素和氯化钙优化配比试验" . | 福州大学学报（自然科学版） 52 . 6 (2024) : 748-754 . |
| APA | 王浩 , 赖国正 , 夏传安 , 蔡晖 , 吴志刚 . 微生物固土胶结液的尿素和氯化钙优化配比试验 . | 福州大学学报（自然科学版） , 2024 , 52 (6) , 748-754 . |
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Abstract ：
在地下水流和溶质运移问题中，有较多研究基于物理距离局域化集合同化方法反演水文地质参数。当反演参数与观测信息之间不存在物理距离时，这种方法不适用。为了克服这个局限，通过渗透系数与水头信息之间的相关性计算局域化方法的阻滞因子，构建基于相关性的局域化迭代集合平滑方法。为了方便比较，将该方法和一种基于物理距离的局域化迭代集合平滑一同用于同化水头信息反演二维孔隙承压含水层的渗透系数场。算例中考虑了不同集合大小、观测误差及观测数量等因子的组合，便于分析它们对渗透系数反演精度的影响。研究结果显示：（1）在所有算例中新方法得到的渗透系数均方根误差RMSE范围为[0.8307, 0.9590]，都小于基于物理距离方法的均方根误差，范围为[0.8394, 1.0000]；（2）基于物理距离的方法得到渗透系数场空间上存在不连续性，而新方法的结果不存在此现象。文章提出了一种新的基于相关性局域化迭代平滑方法，该方法不需要依赖参数与观测信息之间的物理距离且参数反演精度高于基于物理距离的方法，可作为参数反演的科学工具。
Keyword ：
数据同化 数据同化 渗透系数场 渗透系数场 物理距离局域化 物理距离局域化 相关性局域化 相关性局域化 迭代集合平滑 迭代集合平滑
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| GB/T 7714 | 夏传安 , 王浩 , 简文彬 . 基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场 [J]. | 水文地质工程地质 , 2023 , 51 (1) : 1-10 . |
| MLA | 夏传安 et al. "基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场" . | 水文地质工程地质 51 . 1 (2023) : 1-10 . |
| APA | 夏传安 , 王浩 , 简文彬 . 基于相关性局域化迭代集合平滑反演渗透系数场 . | 水文地质工程地质 , 2023 , 51 (1) , 1-10 . |
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