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学者姓名：张凯建
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Abstract ：
The layer-by-layer stacking process of 3D Printing Construction Technology (3DPCT) inevitably leads to weak bonding areas between the interlayer interfaces and the interstrip interfaces, which affect the mechanical properties of the printed structure. The effects of different carbonation time of recycled sand on the mechanical properties and interfacial bonding performance of 3D printed cement-based material with a 100 % replacement rate of carbonated recycled sand (3DPCRS) were explored. Although, the carbonation time of recycled sand affected the mechanical anisotropy of the printed specimens, the carbonation treatment of recycled sand cannot eliminate the mechanical anisotropy of 3D printed specimens. With the extension of the carbonation time of recycled sand, the interfacial bonding performance was gradually improved. At 28 days, the interlayer shear strength and interstrip shear strength of T7 group increased by 21.5 % and 18.7 %, respectively. After the carbonation of recycled sand, the indentation modulus of the interlayer interface was increased with the decrease of interface width and porosity, which improved the pore structure and the mechanical properties of the printed specimens.
Keyword ：
3D Printing Construction Technology 3D Printing Construction Technology Carbonation time Carbonation time Interfacial bonding performance Interfacial bonding performance Microstructural properties Microstructural properties Recycled sand Recycled sand
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| GB/T 7714 | Luo, Surong , Li, Wenqiang , Cai, Yili et al. Effects of carbonated recycled sand on the interfacial bonding performance of 3D printed cement-based material [J]. | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2025 , 99 . |
| MLA | Luo, Surong et al. "Effects of carbonated recycled sand on the interfacial bonding performance of 3D printed cement-based material" . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 99 (2025) . |
| APA | Luo, Surong , Li, Wenqiang , Cai, Yili , Zhang, Kaijian . Effects of carbonated recycled sand on the interfacial bonding performance of 3D printed cement-based material . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2025 , 99 . |
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In this paper, the effects of river sand, sea-sand, recycled sand, and shell sand on the carbonation performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were studied. The results showed that the carbonation depth of RAC prepared from sea-sand was 89.8-96.8 %, 83.8-93.4 %, and 70.5-84.8 % of that prepared from recycled sand, shell sand, and river sand, respectively. The compressive strength of RAC made from sea-sand was the highest, followed by RAC made from river sand, shell sand, and recycled sand. The chloride ions in the sea-sand promoted the formation of Friedel's salt and C-S-H with a high Ca/Si ratio, increasing the density of the concrete, thereby blocking the CO2 diffusion channel and reducing the carbonation rate. On the other hand, the weak strength and bond of shell sand, and the weak interfacial transition zone of recycled sand resulted in weak concrete microstructure. In this paper, after 90 days of carbonation, the increment of CaCO3 for preparing RAC from sea-sand was 95.1 %, 67.7 %, and 37.7 % of that of river sand, shell sand, and recycled sand, respectively. The RAC made of shell sand or recycled sand had a porous microstructure, which provided sufficient growth space for CaCO3, and its total porosity was significantly reduced after carbonation. Finally, a prediction model of RAC's carbonation depth was proposed, which was highly consistent with the experimental results. The mean error of the model was close to 1.0 and the COV was 0.169.
Keyword ：
Carbonation depth Carbonation depth Carbonation properties Carbonation properties Fine aggregates Fine aggregates Prediction model Prediction model Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC)
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Kaijian , Wang, Lin , Li, Ziying et al. Effects of different fine aggregates as sand replacements on the carbonation properties of recycled aggregate concrete [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2025 , 468 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Kaijian et al. "Effects of different fine aggregates as sand replacements on the carbonation properties of recycled aggregate concrete" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 468 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhang, Kaijian , Wang, Lin , Li, Ziying , Zhang, Qingtian . Effects of different fine aggregates as sand replacements on the carbonation properties of recycled aggregate concrete . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2025 , 468 . |
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The application of seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is beneficial for marine engineering, but the impact of aggregate gradation on its alkali-silica reaction (ASR) remains poorly understood. This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing ASR products, pore characteristics and expansion rate of specimens. The test results reveal that ordinary concrete (OC) exhibits an inhibitory effect on ASR in comparison with to SWSSC. The 14-day expansion of ordinary concrete and SWSSC with the same aggregate gradation are 0.130 % and 0.212 %, showing potential and high risk of ASR, respectively. Moreover, particle size and gradation of aggregate are the key factors influencing the ASR degree of SWSSC. Compared with coarser aggregate, specimens with finer aggregate consume more K+ and Ca2+ ions, generate more ASR-P1, form less porosity, and produce a larger expansion. Additionally, specimens with gap-graded aggregates, as opposed to those with uniform or continuous gradation, show greater consumption of K+ and Ca2+ ions, increased ASR-P1 formation, more harmful pore formation, and a larger expansion. These results offer insights into optimizing aggregate gradation to reduce ASR in SWSSC and improve its durability. © 2024
Keyword ：
Concrete aggregates Concrete aggregates Expansion Expansion Particle size Particle size Seawater corrosion Seawater corrosion Silica Silica
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Wenda , Kang, Sixiang , Gong, Qingnan et al. Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete [J]. | Construction and Building Materials , 2024 , 427 . |
| MLA | Wu, Wenda et al. "Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete" . | Construction and Building Materials 427 (2024) . |
| APA | Wu, Wenda , Kang, Sixiang , Gong, Qingnan , Yao, Hongyu , Zhang, Kaijian , Yang, Hongfei et al. Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete . | Construction and Building Materials , 2024 , 427 . |
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考虑贝壳含量、龄期等因素,对不同加载应变率下的海水海砂再生混凝土(SSRAC)试件开展了单轴受压应力-应变曲线试验.结果表明:600 d时,与普通混凝土(NAC)相比,SSRAC峰值应力和峰值应变分别提高了10.4%、23.2%,弹性模量降低了29.1%;当掺入贝壳颗粒后,SSRAC应变率敏感性增加;结合试验以及文献数据,基于GB50010模型,考虑不同应变率下特征参数的动态增大系数,提出了适用于中低应变率(10-5～10-1 s-1)下SSRAC受压动力本构模型,并对其曲线特征进行了机理解释.
Keyword ：
再生混凝土 再生混凝土 动态增大系数 动态增大系数 单轴受压应力-应变曲线 单轴受压应力-应变曲线 应变率 应变率 海水海砂 海水海砂
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| GB/T 7714 | 张青天 , 张凯建 . 海水海砂再生混凝土受压动力本构模型 [J]. | 建筑材料学报 , 2024 , 27 (7) : 580-588,610 . |
| MLA | 张青天 et al. "海水海砂再生混凝土受压动力本构模型" . | 建筑材料学报 27 . 7 (2024) : 580-588,610 . |
| APA | 张青天 , 张凯建 . 海水海砂再生混凝土受压动力本构模型 . | 建筑材料学报 , 2024 , 27 (7) , 580-588,610 . |
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Abstract ：
The application of seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is beneficial for marine engineering, but the impact of aggregate gradation on its alkali-silica reaction (ASR) remains poorly understood. This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing ASR products, pore characteristics and expansion rate of specimens. The test results reveal that ordinary concrete (OC) exhibits an inhibitory effect on ASR in comparison with to SWSSC. The 14-day expansion of ordinary concrete and SWSSC with the same aggregate gradation are 0.130 % and 0.212 %, showing potential and high risk of ASR, respectively. Moreover, particle size and gradation of aggregate are the key factors influencing the ASR degree of SWSSC. Compared with coarser aggregate, specimens with finer aggregate consume more K+ and Ca2+ ions, generate more ASR-P1, form less porosity, and produce a larger expansion. Additionally, specimens with gap-graded aggregates, as opposed to those with uniform or continuous gradation, show greater consumption of K+ and Ca2+ ions, increased ASR-P1 formation, more harmful pore formation, and a larger expansion. These results offer insights into optimizing aggregate gradation to reduce ASR in SWSSC and improve its durability.
Keyword ：
Aggregate gradation Aggregate gradation Alkali-silica reaction Alkali-silica reaction ASR-P1 ASR-P1 Na-shlykovite Na-shlykovite Seawater and sea sand concrete Seawater and sea sand concrete
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Wenda , Kang, Sixiang , Gong, Qingnan et al. Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 427 . |
| MLA | Wu, Wenda et al. "Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 427 (2024) . |
| APA | Wu, Wenda , Kang, Sixiang , Gong, Qingnan , Yao, Hongyu , Zhang, Kaijian , Yang, Hongfei et al. Influences of aggregate gradation on alkali-silica reaction of seawater and sea sand concrete . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 427 . |
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将纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用在海水海砂混凝土(SSC)中可避免氯离子引起的钢筋腐蚀，但FRP增强海水海砂混凝土(FRP-SSC)结构在恶劣环境中仍存在耐久性问题。依据现有文献研究成果，梳理了海洋环境下FRP筋、SSC以及FRP-SSC构件的耐久性。结果表明：在混凝土的碱性环境以及海水海砂中盐离子的共同作用下，FRP筋的力学性能退化程度与变异性提高，FRP筋与SSC的黏结强度降低；海水和海砂中盐离子的引入加快了水化反应，提高了SSC的密实度与耐久性，提高了SSC的耐久性；海洋环境作用导致FRP筋力学性能退化及FRP筋/钢-FRP复合筋(SFCB)与SSC的黏结强度降低，削弱了SSC构件承载力，改变了构件破坏模式，SSC构件承载力随再生粗骨料(RCA)取代率提高而降低；建议以FRP筋与SSC力学性能变异性量化和基于时变可靠度的构件设计方法作为今后进一步研究的方向。
Keyword ：
FRP筋 FRP筋 海水海砂混凝土 海水海砂混凝土 破坏模式转变 破坏模式转变 耐久性 耐久性 钢-FRP复合筋 钢-FRP复合筋
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| GB/T 7714 | 张凯建 , 王琳 . FRP筋增强海水海砂混凝土材料与构件耐久性能综述 [J]. | 建筑科学与工程学报 , 2024 , 41 (02) : 17-30 . |
| MLA | 张凯建 et al. "FRP筋增强海水海砂混凝土材料与构件耐久性能综述" . | 建筑科学与工程学报 41 . 02 (2024) : 17-30 . |
| APA | 张凯建 , 王琳 . FRP筋增强海水海砂混凝土材料与构件耐久性能综述 . | 建筑科学与工程学报 , 2024 , 41 (02) , 17-30 . |
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再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变关系是实现其材料到结构力学分析的桥梁纽带,成为再生粗骨料混凝土结构基础理论的基石.介绍了作者团队多年来在再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变关系方面取得的研究进展:采用模型化再生粗骨料方法,研究了复杂界面过渡区对再生粗骨料混凝土破坏行为的影响,揭示了再生粗骨料混凝土细观损伤本质与演化机理;从静力作用到动力作用,系统地开展了不同工况下再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变行为试验研究,探明了载荷条件对再生粗骨料混凝土应力与变形的影响规律并建立了相适应的力学与数学模型;进一步考虑再生粗骨料性能时空变异性,发现了再生粗骨料混凝土力学响应的概率分布特征,提出了再生粗骨料混凝土随机损伤本构关系;基于获得的本构模型,完成了再生粗骨料混凝土构件时变可靠度分析和结构动力非线性分析,为再生粗骨料混凝土在实际工程中的安全应用提供了理论支撑;提炼了相关研究结论并对未来研究工作进行了展望.
Keyword ：
再生粗骨料混凝土 再生粗骨料混凝土 多工况受力 多工况受力 应力-应变关系 应力-应变关系 时变可靠度 时变可靠度 随机性 随机性 非线性分析 非线性分析
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| GB/T 7714 | 肖建庄 , 唐宇翔 , 张凯建 et al. 再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变关系 [J]. | 工程力学 , 2024 , 41 (2) : 43-55 . |
| MLA | 肖建庄 et al. "再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变关系" . | 工程力学 41 . 2 (2024) : 43-55 . |
| APA | 肖建庄 , 唐宇翔 , 张凯建 , 杨海峰 . 再生粗骨料混凝土应力-应变关系 . | 工程力学 , 2024 , 41 (2) , 43-55 . |
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To explore the flexural fatigue performance of steel fibers reinforced recycled aggregate concrete (SF-RAC), the flexural fatigue test and residual strength test with different stress levels were conducted. Besides, the fatigue cracks propagation under cyclic loading were observed and analyzed by digital image correlation (DIC) technology. The results show that the flexural fatigue life of SF-RAC increases when the content of steel fibers increases, and it is proved to be well in accordance with the three-parameter Weibull distribution. The flexural fatigue life equation with different stress level and reliability (S-N-P equation) is obtained based on it, which shows that when the fiber volume content is 1.5%, the fatigue strength of SF-RAC is about 37.2% higher than that of RAC without fibers. Then, a fatigue strain-based damage evolution model is established, and the derived residual strength model can well predict the damage degree and residual life of SF-RAC. Moreover, the steel fibers can improve the critical crack propagation length and loading cycles of RAC. The crack propagation rate can be decreased by 97.63% when the fiber volume content is 1.5%, and it is increased with the development of stress level. Finally, the influence mechanism of steel fibers on flexural fatigue performance of RAC were explained through microstructure tests.
Keyword ：
Crack propagation rate Crack propagation rate Digital image correlation (DIC) Digital image correlation (DIC) Flexural fatigue performance Flexural fatigue performance Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Steel fibers Steel fibers Three -parameter Weibull distribution Three -parameter Weibull distribution
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| GB/T 7714 | Luo, Surong , Su, Yongqing , Zhang, Qingtian et al. Effects of steel fibers on the flexural fatigue performance of recycled aggregate concrete [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 412 . |
| MLA | Luo, Surong et al. "Effects of steel fibers on the flexural fatigue performance of recycled aggregate concrete" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 412 (2024) . |
| APA | Luo, Surong , Su, Yongqing , Zhang, Qingtian , Zhang, Kaijian . Effects of steel fibers on the flexural fatigue performance of recycled aggregate concrete . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2024 , 412 . |
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In the past 20 years, recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), as a type of low-carbon concrete, has become a worldwide focus of research. However, the design methodology for RAC structural components remains a challenge. Consequently, demands for a unified design of natural aggregate concrete (NAC) and RAC components have been presented. Accordingly, this study analyses the necessity of a unified design theory and provides an in-depth demonstration of the strength determination, compressive constitutive relationship, and design method of concrete components. The coefficient of variation of RAC strength is found to be generally higher than that of NAC strength. The compressive and tensile strengths of RAC can be defined and determined using the same method as that used for NAC. The uniaxial compressive constitutive relationship between NAC and RAC has a unified mathematical expression. However, the elastic modulus of RAC decreases, and its brittleness exhibits an increasing trend compared with that of NAC. Finally, to unify the design formulae of RAC and NAC components for bearing capacity, modification factors for RAC components are proposed considering safety and reliability. Additionally, the feasibility of the proposed unified time-dependent design theory is demonstrated in terms of conceptual design and structural measures considering the effects of strength degradation and reinforcement corrosion. It is believed that this study enriches and develops the basic theory of concrete structures. (c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keyword ：
Constitutive relation Constitutive relation Natural aggregate concrete (NAC) Natural aggregate concrete (NAC) Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Reliability Reliability Strength determination Strength determination Unified design theory Unified design theory
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| GB/T 7714 | Xiao, Jianzhuang , Zhang, Kaijian , Ding, Tao et al. Fundamental Issues Towards Unified Design Theory of Recycled and Natural Aggregate Concrete Components [J]. | ENGINEERING , 2024 , 29 : 188-197 . |
| MLA | Xiao, Jianzhuang et al. "Fundamental Issues Towards Unified Design Theory of Recycled and Natural Aggregate Concrete Components" . | ENGINEERING 29 (2024) : 188-197 . |
| APA | Xiao, Jianzhuang , Zhang, Kaijian , Ding, Tao , Zhang, Qingtian , Xiao, Xuwen . Fundamental Issues Towards Unified Design Theory of Recycled and Natural Aggregate Concrete Components . | ENGINEERING , 2024 , 29 , 188-197 . |
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This paper presents a review of the research on seawater sea -sand recycled coarse aggregate concrete (SSRAC), which offers a solution to the scarcity of river sand and freshwater while also promoting the reuse of waste concrete. The study reveals that the conventional mix proportion design method underestimates the compressive strength of SSRAC at 28 days. The incorporation of seawater and sea -sand reduces the negative effects of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) on compressive properties, compensating for the decreased mechanical properties of components made with RCA. Additionally, it enhances the bond strength between concrete and epoxy -coated bars while it has a lesser effect on that between concrete and fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. Nevertheless, it appears to have adverse effects on workability and tensile properties. The primary factors influencing the stress -strain curves of SSRAC are RCA, shell content, and chloride ion concentration. The effective confinement of FRP and the stiffness of FRP bars are crucial considerations in the design of SSRAC components. Furthermore, the combination of SSRAC with other types of concrete offers an alternative design approach. Finally, this paper identifies research needs for SSRAC, with a focus on durability and time -dependent properties.
Keyword ：
Mechanical properties Mechanical properties Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) Seawater and sea-sand Seawater and sea-sand Stress-strain relationships Stress-strain relationships Structural behaviors Structural behaviors
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Kaijian , Zhang, Qingtian , Lin, Wenqiang et al. Material and structural properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete made with seawater and sea-sand: A review [J]. | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2024 , 87 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Kaijian et al. "Material and structural properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete made with seawater and sea-sand: A review" . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 87 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhang, Kaijian , Zhang, Qingtian , Lin, Wenqiang , Ou, Junrui . Material and structural properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete made with seawater and sea-sand: A review . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2024 , 87 . |
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