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学者姓名：崔明娟
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Abstract ：
Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP)is a promising technique in geoenvironmental engineering. The metabolic activity of bacteria is sensitive to external magnetic fields,which will affect the CaCO3 crystal morphology. Therefore,nano-Fe3 O4 was utilized to investigate the influence of magnetic materials on MICP. Both MICP in solution environment and MICP on a quartz sand surface were investigated with different nano-Fe3 O4 content. The calcium carbonate content (CCC),crystal types and unconfined compressive strength were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)and uniaxial compression test. Furthermore,a series of tests were conducted to reveal the mechanism of the effect of nano-Fe3 O4 on MICP. The results showed that the optical density at 600 nm of bacteria (OD600)and bacterial activity increased with an increase in nano-Fe3 O4 content. In the solution environment,the crystal type of CaCO3 was primarily vaterite,with little calcite,and it was confirmed by TG-DTA testing that nano-Fe3 O4 could facilitate the formation of vaterite. Additionally,the unconfined compressive strength (UCS)and calcium carbonate content of MICP-treated sand increased with an increase in nano-Fe3 O4 content. Interestingly,CaCO3 presented in the form of spheres in the solution environment,while it was in the form of rhomboid imbricate on the surface of quartz sand particles. © 2024 Cailiao Daobaoshe/ Materials Review. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Compression testing Compression testing Compressive strength Compressive strength Coprecipitation Coprecipitation Layered semiconductors Layered semiconductors Morphology Morphology Nanocrystalline materials Nanocrystalline materials Sand Sand Single crystals Single crystals
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Shuang , Huang, Ming , Cui, Mingjuan et al. Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation [J]. | Materials Reports , 2024 , 38 (20) . |
| MLA | Li, Shuang et al. "Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation" . | Materials Reports 38 . 20 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, Shuang , Huang, Ming , Cui, Mingjuan , Hu, Xinhang , Xu, Kai , Jiang, Qiwu . Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation . | Materials Reports , 2024 , 38 (20) . |
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Abstract ：
微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)是环境岩土工程领域一项新型的土体加固技术.微生物的生长及活性会受到外部磁场的影响,改变MICP中碳酸钙的晶型晶貌及沉淀方式,从而对碳酸钙的胶结性能产生影响.采用纳米四氧化三铁(Nano-Fe3O4),设计了Nano-Fe3O4作用下的微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀的水溶液及MICP砂土固化试验,对比分析了Nano-Fe3O4含量对微生物诱导生成的碳酸钙晶体含量(CCC)、类型、比例以及MICP固化砂土力学强度等参数的影响规律,并结合扫描电镜(SEM)试验分析了溶液环境及砂柱中碳酸钙的微观形貌特征,系统归纳了Nano-Fe3O4对MICP的作用效果及机制.结果表明:(1)Nano-Fe3O4能够有效改善细菌的新陈代谢性能,显著提高细菌OD600及脲酶活性;(2)溶液环境中,MICP产生的碳酸钙晶体类型以球霰石为主,含少量方解石,且Nano-Fe3O4含量增加能够促进球霰石的生成及增大MICP沉淀物中稳定相碳酸钙所占的比例;(3)Nano-Fe3O4可以显著提高MICP固化砂土的无侧限抗压强度和CCC;(4)SEM分析结果表明,溶液环境中,碳酸钙晶体以球型堆积为主,MICP固化砂柱中碳酸钙晶型随Nano-Fe3O4含量的增加逐渐呈菱柱状堆积.
Keyword ：
MICP固化砂土 MICP固化砂土 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP) 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP) 晶体类型与形貌 晶体类型与形貌 溶液环境 溶液环境 纳米四氧化三铁 纳米四氧化三铁 细菌脲酶活性 细菌脲酶活性
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| GB/T 7714 | 李爽 , 黄明 , 崔明娟 et al. 纳米四氧化三铁对微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀的作用效果与机理研究 [J]. | 材料导报 , 2024 , 38 (20) : 76-83 . |
| MLA | 李爽 et al. "纳米四氧化三铁对微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀的作用效果与机理研究" . | 材料导报 38 . 20 (2024) : 76-83 . |
| APA | 李爽 , 黄明 , 崔明娟 , 胡鑫杭 , 许凯 , 姜启武 . 纳米四氧化三铁对微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀的作用效果与机理研究 . | 材料导报 , 2024 , 38 (20) , 76-83 . |
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In tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnels, the pea gravel as a filling layer between the tunnel lining segments and surrounding rock is of significant importance for the load-bearing capacity and impermeability of the segments. Due to the poor flowability of cement slurry, it fails to adequately fill the backfill layer, resulting in defects such as voids behind the walls and inadequate grouting. Enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology (EICP) has emerged as an environmentally friendly and efficient reinforcement method. The grouting material is liquid, exhibiting excellent fluidity and diffusivity, making it a promising solution for grouting in pea gravel backfill layers. To optimize the effectiveness of EICP grouting in pea gravel, an attempt was made to use standard sand and pea gravel as backfill aggregates. In order to quantitatively analyze the optimal mixing ratio, experiments were conducted with different ratios of pea gravel to sand (0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5) and varying grouting frequencies (9, 12, 15 times) in sand column solidification tests. Through unconfined compressive strength tests, permeability tests, determination of calcium carbonate content, ultrasonic velocity measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microscopic analysis, the impact of different ratios of pea gravel to sand on the solidification effectiveness of EICP was analyzed from both macro and micro perspectives. The results indicate that the optimal ratio for EICP reinforcement of mixed pea gravel and sand is 1:1.5. After 15 grouting cycles, the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens can reach up to 4.55 MPa, and the permeability coefficient is 1.72×10−5 m/s. Samples with a higher sand content exhibit a notable phenomenon where interparticle voids are readily filled and compacted by calcium carbonate crystals. This process results in a higher proportion of effective bonding among calcium carbonate crystals, consequently contributing to an elevated unconfined compressive strength of the stone body. The findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of EICP technology in reinforcing TBM backfilled pea gravel. © 2024 Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
enzyme-induced calcium carbonate deposition (EICP) enzyme-induced calcium carbonate deposition (EICP) microscopic mechanism microscopic mechanism pea gravel pea gravel permeability permeability tunnel boring machine tunnel boring machine unconfined compressive strength unconfined compressive strength
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| GB/T 7714 | Jiang, Q.-W. , Huang, M. , Cui, M.-J. et al. Study on the mechanism and optimal proportioning test of pea gravel backfill behind TBM tunnel linings reinforced with enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology; [酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术加固 TBM 壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机制研究] [J]. | Rock and Soil Mechanics , 2024 , 45 (7) : 2037-2049 . |
| MLA | Jiang, Q.-W. et al. "Study on the mechanism and optimal proportioning test of pea gravel backfill behind TBM tunnel linings reinforced with enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology; [酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术加固 TBM 壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机制研究]" . | Rock and Soil Mechanics 45 . 7 (2024) : 2037-2049 . |
| APA | Jiang, Q.-W. , Huang, M. , Cui, M.-J. , Jin, G.-X. , Peng, Y.-X. . Study on the mechanism and optimal proportioning test of pea gravel backfill behind TBM tunnel linings reinforced with enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology; [酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术加固 TBM 壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机制研究] . | Rock and Soil Mechanics , 2024 , 45 (7) , 2037-2049 . |
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In this study, Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) combined with polypropylene fiber technology was used to solidify desert sand, the orthogonal theory was used to design the different levels of the five test variables of cementation solution concentration, urease concentration, enzyme gel ratio, fiber length and fiber content, and the curing effect of EICP combined with polypropylene fiber was studied by macroscopic test of unconfined compressive strength and calcium carbonate content and microscopic test of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results show that the primary and secondary order of the influence of the five test variables on the unconfined compressive strength and calcium carbonate content is: fiber content >fiber length >urease concentration >enzyme gel ratio >cementation solution concentration, in which the fiber length and fiber content had a significant effect on it, and the urease concentration had a little significant effect on it. The incorporation of polypropylene fiber promotes the deposition of calcium carbonate, restricts the displacement and deformation of sand particles, effectively fills the pores between particles, significantly reduces the pore size, and improves the pore structure, which provides a reference for subsequent research and practical geotechnical applications.
Keyword ：
Desert sand Desert sand Enzyme-induced carbonate Enzyme-induced carbonate Multivariate Multivariate Polypropylene fiber Polypropylene fiber precipitation precipitation Soybean urease Soybean urease
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Lv, Suying et al. Multivariate Experimental Study on EICP Combined with Polypropylene Fiber Solidified Desert Sand [J]. | KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 28 (6) : 2221-2230 . |
| MLA | Cui, Meng et al. "Multivariate Experimental Study on EICP Combined with Polypropylene Fiber Solidified Desert Sand" . | KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 28 . 6 (2024) : 2221-2230 . |
| APA | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Lv, Suying , Zheng, Junjie , Cui, Mingjuan , Zeng, Chen . Multivariate Experimental Study on EICP Combined with Polypropylene Fiber Solidified Desert Sand . | KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 28 (6) , 2221-2230 . |
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Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)is an emanating,eco-friendly and potentially sound technique that has presented promise in various geotechnical applications.However,the durability and microscopic characteristics of EICP-treated specimens against the impact of drying-wetting(D-W)cycles is under-explored yet.This study investigates the evolution of mechanical behavior and pore charac-teristics of EICP-treated sea sand subjected to D-W cycles.The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)tests,synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography(micro-CT),and three-dimensional(3D)recon-struction of CT images were performed to study the multiscale evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under the effect of D-W cycles.The potential correlations between microstructure characteristics and macro-mechanical property deterioration were investigated using gray relational analysis(GRA).Results showed that the UCS of EICP-treated specimens decreases by 63.7％after 15 D-W cycles.The proportion of mesopores gradually decreases whereas the proportion of macropores in-creases due to the exfoliated calcium carbonate with increasing number of D-W cycles.The micro-structure in EICP-reinforced sea sand was gradually disintegrated,resulting in increasing pore size and development of pore shape from ellipsoidal to columnar and branched.The gray relational degree suggested that the weight loss rate and UCS deterioration were attributed to the development of branched pores with a size of 100-1000 μm under the action of D-W cycles.Overall,the results in this study provide a useful guidancee for the long-term stability and evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under D-W weathering conditions.
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| GB/T 7714 | Ming Huang , Kai Xu , Zijian Liu et al. Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand [J]. | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） , 2024 , 16 (1) : 291-302 . |
| MLA | Ming Huang et al. "Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand" . | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） 16 . 1 (2024) : 291-302 . |
| APA | Ming Huang , Kai Xu , Zijian Liu , Chaoshui Xu , Mingjuan Cui . Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand . | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） , 2024 , 16 (1) , 291-302 . |
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In tropical islands, calcareous sand with poor engineering properties usually needs to be treated before it can be used as building materials. Considering the scarcity of freshwater in these areas, this study proposes seawater-based enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology to enhance the properties of calcareous sand. It is to induce calcium carbonate crystals to bond calcareous sand particles together using the seawater-based crude soybean enzyme and cementation solution (i.e., urea and calcium chloride). In this study, the crude soybean urease extraction test was firstly carried out using seawater and it was also investigated what components of seawater had a greater effect on the soybean urease extraction. Afterwards, the solution test was conducted to explore the ability of the extracted urease in inducing calcium carbonate through analyzing the variation of concentration of calcium ions and pH of the solution. Finally, the biocementation effect of EICP treated calcareous sand using the seawater extracted urease solution was evaluated by the unconfined compressive strength (quc) and microscopic analysis. Test results show that the turbidity of the seawater-extracted soybean urease solution can be reduced by 66.7% compared to that of deionised water extracted urease, with only a slight reduction in urease activity. Among all the components of seawater, NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, NaHCO3 and KBr can significantly reduce the turbidity of soybean urease solution. The lower turbidity can effectively avoid bioclogging and contribute to the homogeneity of the EICP-treated calcareous sands, and thus improve the biomineralization efficiency and strength enhancement. Seawater-based EICP treatment will be a great promising technology in freshwater-scarce tropical islands, because it can directly use seawater for biomineralization treatment of calcareous sand, and meanwhile effectively avoid local clogging of biocementation.
Keyword ：
Biomineralization Biomineralization Calcareous sand Calcareous sand Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Seawater Seawater Soybean urease extraction Soybean urease extraction
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Ming-Juan , Zhou, Jia-Ni , Lai, Han-Jiang et al. Seawater-based soybean urease for calcareous sand biomineralization [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (10) : 6643-6659 . |
| MLA | Cui, Ming-Juan et al. "Seawater-based soybean urease for calcareous sand biomineralization" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA 19 . 10 (2024) : 6643-6659 . |
| APA | Cui, Ming-Juan , Zhou, Jia-Ni , Lai, Han-Jiang , Zheng, Jun-Jie , Huang, Ming , Zhang, Zhi-Chao . Seawater-based soybean urease for calcareous sand biomineralization . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (10) , 6643-6659 . |
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Calcium salt is an important contributing factor for calcium-based biomineralization. To study the effect of calcium salt on soil biomineralization using crude soybean urease, the calcium salts, including the calcium chloride (CaCl2), calcium acetate ((CH3COO)2Ca) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), were used to prepare the biotreatment solution to carry out the biomineralization tests in this paper. Two series of biomineralization tests in solution and sand column, respectively, were conducted. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to determine the microscopic characteristics of the precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystals. The experimental results indicate that the biomineralization effect is the best for the CaCl2 case, followed by (CH3COO)2Ca, and worst for Ca(NO3)2 under the test conditions of this study (i.e. 1 mol/L of calcium salt-urea). The mechanism for the effect of the calcium salt on the biomineralization of crude soybean urease mainly involves: (1) inhibition of urease activity, and (2) influence on the crystal size and morphology of CaCO3. Besides Ca2+, the anions in solution can inhibit the activity of crude soybean urease, and NO3− has a stronger inhibitory effect on the urease activity compared with both CH3COO− and Cl−. The co-inhibition of Ca2+ and NO3− on the activity of urease is the key reason for the worst biomineralization of the Ca(NO3)2 case in this study. The difference in biomineralization between the CaCl2 and (CH3COO)2Ca cases is strongly correlated with the crystal morphology of the precipitated CaCO3. © 2024 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Keyword ：
Biomineralization Biomineralization Calcium salt Calcium salt Crude soybean urease Crude soybean urease Influence mechanism Influence mechanism
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| GB/T 7714 | Weng, Y. , Zheng, J. , Lai, H. et al. Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts [J]. | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 16 (5) : 1788-1798 . |
| MLA | Weng, Y. et al. "Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts" . | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 16 . 5 (2024) : 1788-1798 . |
| APA | Weng, Y. , Zheng, J. , Lai, H. , Cui, M. , Ding, X. . Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts . | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 16 (5) , 1788-1798 . |
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In this study, enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) combined with xanthan gum curing technology was used to improve the engineering properties of standard sand, and the curing effect of EICP combined with different xanthan gum contents was studied by macroscopic tests such as unconfined compressive strength, direct shear, permeability, calcium carbonate content, and microscopic tests such as scanning electron microscope and nuclear magnetic resonance. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, cohesion and internal friction angle of EICP combined with xanthan gum solidified sand increases with the increase of xanthan gum content and reaches the maximum value at the content of 2%, in which the increase of unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, and cohesion is significant; further, the increase of internal friction angle is small. The permeability coefficient of EICP combined with xanthan gum solidified sand decreases with the increase of xanthan gum content, and the permeability coefficient of 2% xanthan gum is only 65.4% that of pure EICP treatment. The incorporation of xanthan gum promotes the deposition of calcium carbonate, increases the viscosity of the reaction solution, and produces colloidal encapsulation and bonding effect on the sand particles. In addition, the incorporation of xanthan gum effectively reduces the porosity of solidified sand and greatly reduces the proportion of large pores and medium pores by changing the pore size, which greatly improves the pore structure.
Keyword ：
Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Multiscale engineering properties Multiscale engineering properties Soybean urease Soybean urease Standard sand Standard sand Xanthan gum Xanthan gum
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Zheng, Junjie et al. Experimental Study on Multiscale Engineering Properties of EICP Combined with Xanthan Gum Solidified Sand [J]. | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 36 (6) . |
| MLA | Cui, Meng et al. "Experimental Study on Multiscale Engineering Properties of EICP Combined with Xanthan Gum Solidified Sand" . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 36 . 6 (2024) . |
| APA | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Zheng, Junjie , Cui, Mingjuan , Lv, Suying , Lai, Hanjiang . Experimental Study on Multiscale Engineering Properties of EICP Combined with Xanthan Gum Solidified Sand . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 36 (6) . |
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There are two major challenges for the use of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)-based soil improvement method: cost and treatment effect. Optimizing the parameters of the treatment solution is one way to enhance the treatment effect and/or reduce the treatment cost. In this study, three key factors: the initial pH (i.e. pH0) of the enzyme solution used to prepare the treatment solution (i.e. the mixture of enzyme solution, CaCl2 and urea), the urease activity of the treatment solution and the concentration of cementation solution (i.e. CaCl2 and urea) are investigated. Crude soybean enzyme solution and the one-phase-low-pH injection method are adopted for the treatment of sand. The results show that the pH0 of the enzyme solution affects the urease activity of enzyme and thus the urease activity of the prepared treatment solution. It is discovered in this paper that there is a threshold pH value for the treatment solution. Only when the pH of the treatment solution is higher than the threshold pH value, calcium ions convert completely into calcium carbonate. There is also a threshold urease activity which is affected by the concentration of cementation solution, CCS. The optimal CCS is 1.0 M. When the CCS is higher than 1.75 M, the urease activity of soybean enzyme solution would be completely lost. These findings are important in guiding the application of EICP treatment using the crude soybean enzyme in real soil improvement projects.
Keyword ：
Crude soybean enzyme Crude soybean enzyme Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Influencing factors Influencing factors Soil improvement Soil improvement
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) : 1611-1625 . |
| MLA | Cui, Ming-Juan et al. "Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA 19 . 3 (2024) : 1611-1625 . |
| APA | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) , 1611-1625 . |
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The thermal conductivity of backfill materials directly affects the heat transfer efficiency between energy geo-structures and the surrounding stratum. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) possesses great potential for improving the thermal conductivity of backfill materials. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (i.e., nano-Fe3O4) have been proven to enhance bacterial biochemical activity by altering the permeability of bacterial biofilms, thus potentially improving the MICP process. It was supposed to enhance the thermal conductivity of backfill materials, allowing for applying energy geo-structures in arid environments. In this study, MICP in a solution environment was conducted to analyze bacterial urease activity and morphology of precipitation at varying nano-Fe3O4 contents. Additionally, sand columns treated with MICP and different nano-Fe3O4 contents were performed to obtain the thermal conductivity and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) through the transient plane source (TPS) method and uniaxial compression (UC) experiment. The mineral type, precipitation morphology, and microstructure were identified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanism of the effect of nano-Fe3O4 on bacterial urease activity and thermal-mechanical behaviors was also discussed. The results indicated that the nano-Fe3O4 could enhance bacterial urease activity and promote vaterite precipitation in the solution environment. Conversely, when applied to MICP-treated sand, nano-Fe3O4 could facilitate calcite formation. Increasing the nano-Fe3O4 content showed a positive correlation with increased thermal conductivity and UCS. Specifically, the optimal values of thermal conductivity and UCS increased by 2.42 times and 2.39 times, respectively, compared to MICP-treated specimens without nano-Fe3O4. Microstructure analysis revealed that calcite precipitation at the particle contact served a dual function: cementing particles, thereby improving the mechanical strength and simultaneously acting as a “thermal bridge” to enhance the thermal conductivity. Furthermore, this study provides a new perspective on utilizing magnetized bacteria to reinforce specific locations within rocks and soils in the presence of an external magnetic field. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Bacterial urease activity Bacterial urease activity Crystal morphology Crystal morphology Geothermal energy Geothermal energy Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) Thermal conductivity Thermal conductivity
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, S. , Huang, M. , Cui, M. et al. Improving the thermal-mechanical performance of bio-treated backfill materials by addition of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) [J]. | Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment , 2024 , 39 . |
| MLA | Li, S. et al. "Improving the thermal-mechanical performance of bio-treated backfill materials by addition of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4)" . | Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment 39 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, S. , Huang, M. , Cui, M. , Jin, G. , Xu, K. . Improving the thermal-mechanical performance of bio-treated backfill materials by addition of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) . | Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment , 2024 , 39 . |
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