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学者姓名：廖丽环
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数字平台暗黑模式是指利用算法设计具有诱导性的网页界面，以达成对用户的操纵和控制。暗黑模式灵活多变，形式上可依据所呈现的图片或文字界面内容和视觉偏差设计作出基本区分，其本质是数字平台私权力的异化，即数字平台利用网页界面操纵用户，扭曲其行为选择，进而使其权利面临侵害，引发了数字市场竞争乱象。比较欧美近年来针对暗黑模式规制立法与实践的发展研究，不难发现我国对于暗黑模式的治理存在零碎的回应式立法无法匹配现实规制需求、行政执法监管乏力、用户私力救济受阻等问题。当前应重构我国数字平台暗黑治理模式，在立法规制层面需转换固有的立法思路，塑造系统性和前瞻性的暗黑模式规制立法基础；行政规制层面应从执法维度、主体和程序出发，完善暗黑模式行政执法制度细节；在其他规制层面构建平台社会责任和公益责任机制，弥补私法规制的不足，最终形成多维私权力规制路径，以促进数字市场的健康有序发展。
Keyword ：
多元规制 多元规制 平台私权力 平台私权力 暗黑模式 暗黑模式 行政规制 行政规制
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| GB/T 7714 | 廖丽环 , 黄山岚 . 私权力的规制重构：数字平台暗黑模式的逻辑动因与治理路径 [J]. | 合肥工业大学学报(社会科学版) , 2025 , 39 (04) : 49-60 . |
| MLA | 廖丽环 等. "私权力的规制重构：数字平台暗黑模式的逻辑动因与治理路径" . | 合肥工业大学学报(社会科学版) 39 . 04 (2025) : 49-60 . |
| APA | 廖丽环 , 黄山岚 . 私权力的规制重构：数字平台暗黑模式的逻辑动因与治理路径 . | 合肥工业大学学报(社会科学版) , 2025 , 39 (04) , 49-60 . |
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Standardized evaluation has been applied in the research and development (R&D) activities of Chinese universities for a long time, which ignores the technological heterogeneity between these activities. Standardized evaluation has thus been difficult to meet the evaluation needs of the Chinese government, and classified evaluation is imperative for the diversified development of R&D activities in Chinese universities. Therefore, this paper introduces directional distance function (DDF) model with endogenous technique into meta-frontier data envelopment analysis framework to construct a new theoretical tool of classified evaluation, and this new method is applied to evaluate the efficiency of R&D activities of 939 Chinese universities. The theoretical contribution is to unify the endogenous directions relative to different frontiers, and then a new meta-frontier DDF framework is constructed; while the practical contribution is to provide the following conclusions and implications: (1) classified evaluation and standardized evaluation have different applicability to different categories of Chinese universities; (2) the homogeneity of the improvement direction is serious in Chinese universities; (3) different categories of Chinese universities have different improvement needs in different inputs and outputs, and the distances between most universities and their two frontiers are not far; (4) the selections of both improvement direction and indicator are important factors affecting the evaluation results. Finally, some useful suggestions are provided to improve the efficiency of R&D activities in Chinese universities.
Keyword ：
Chinese universities Chinese universities Classified evaluation Classified evaluation Directional distance function Directional distance function Efficiency Efficiency Technological heterogeneity Technological heterogeneity
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Lei , Luo, Cuiyun , Liao, Li-Huan et al. Classified evaluation of R&D activities in Chinese universities: An application of new meta-frontier directional distance function framework [J]. | TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY , 2024 , 78 . |
| MLA | Chen, Lei et al. "Classified evaluation of R&D activities in Chinese universities: An application of new meta-frontier directional distance function framework" . | TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY 78 (2024) . |
| APA | Chen, Lei , Luo, Cuiyun , Liao, Li-Huan , Wang, Suhui . Classified evaluation of R&D activities in Chinese universities: An application of new meta-frontier directional distance function framework . | TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY , 2024 , 78 . |
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The resource allocation of commercial banks is a multiple-criteria decision-making issue with complex internal structure, and traditional inverse data envelopment analysis cannot meet its decision-making needs. A two-stage structure with undesirable outputs is constructed to describe the operations of a Chinese commercial bank, and then a new two-stage inverse data envelopment analysis with undesirable outputs is proposed to address its resource allocation multiple criteria decision-making issue. The new method can be used to calculate the minimum input increment required to achieve the goals of desirable and undesirable output under a certain efficiency, and then a specific resource allocation plan can be obtained to promote the sustainable development of commercial banks. Finally, the new method is applied to the resource allocation of 16 Chinese listed commercial banks in 2013, and the application results fully demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method.
Keyword ：
commercial bank commercial bank inverse data envelopment analysis inverse data envelopment analysis resource allocation resource allocation two-stage two-stage undesirable outputs undesirable outputs
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| GB/T 7714 | Liao, Li-Huan , Chen, Lei , Wang, Junchao . A New Resource Allocation Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Method in a Two-Stage Inverse Data Envelopment Analysis Framework for the Sustainable Development of Chinese Commercial Banks [J]. | SUSTAINABILITY , 2024 , 16 (4) . |
| MLA | Liao, Li-Huan et al. "A New Resource Allocation Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Method in a Two-Stage Inverse Data Envelopment Analysis Framework for the Sustainable Development of Chinese Commercial Banks" . | SUSTAINABILITY 16 . 4 (2024) . |
| APA | Liao, Li-Huan , Chen, Lei , Wang, Junchao . A New Resource Allocation Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Method in a Two-Stage Inverse Data Envelopment Analysis Framework for the Sustainable Development of Chinese Commercial Banks . | SUSTAINABILITY , 2024 , 16 (4) . |
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"河北省保定市人民检察院诉李某侵害公民个人信息民事公益诉讼案"引起了学界对个人信息领域中能否适用惩罚性赔偿的讨论.从二者的目的、性质、功能等法理基础上分析,应准许原告在公益诉讼中提出惩罚性赔偿的请求,从角色定位、适用关系、适用限制三个层面出发,能够明确惩罚性赔偿的适用路径.在此基础之上,可将侵权行为人主观故意、信息处理行为具有不法性、造成严重结果以及结果与行为具有因果关系作为构成要件,并在设置惩罚性赔偿最低额度的基础之上,将"特定基数"和"乘数倍率"作为计算惩罚性赔偿金的基本模式.由于惩罚性赔偿金属于特殊的民事责任,是故可以合理地认定惩罚性赔偿金归属并适用于社会不特定受害群众.同时,若私益诉讼后于公益诉讼,则没有主张惩罚性赔偿的正当理由.
Keyword ：
个人信息 个人信息 公益诉讼 公益诉讼 惩罚性赔偿 惩罚性赔偿 私人执法 私人执法
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| GB/T 7714 | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 论个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿 [J]. | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） , 2024 , (1) : 65-79 . |
| MLA | 廖丽环 et al. "论个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿" . | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） 1 (2024) : 65-79 . |
| APA | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 论个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿 . | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） , 2024 , (1) , 65-79 . |
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基于"个人自治"的私法保护路径已经无法满足大数据时代下个人信息保护的新要求.数据时代下共享社会的有机性、个人信息标识性以及国家社会治理的需求性共同塑造个人信息的公共性,由此生成维护个人信息公共利益、预防个人信息风险、规制个人信息处理规则的公法保护路径,弥补了传统个人信息私法保护路径的单一性、有限性、扩张性缺陷.但公法保护路径仍存在法理依据不明、个人信息专责保护机构缺失、信息保护节点导向性不足等问题.为完善个人信息保护公法规范体系,提出以基本权利作为公法法理依据设立个人信息保护专责机构,建立事前、事中、事后一体化保护机制,以加快形成我国公私并行的个人信息法律保护体系.
Keyword ：
个人信息保护 个人信息保护 个人信息保护法 个人信息保护法 公法保护 公法保护 公私并行 公私并行
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| GB/T 7714 | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 公共属性视角下个人信息保护的思路转变与制度完善 [J]. | 东北农业大学学报（社会科学版） , 2023 , 21 (4) : 18-28 . |
| MLA | 廖丽环 et al. "公共属性视角下个人信息保护的思路转变与制度完善" . | 东北农业大学学报（社会科学版） 21 . 4 (2023) : 18-28 . |
| APA | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 公共属性视角下个人信息保护的思路转变与制度完善 . | 东北农业大学学报（社会科学版） , 2023 , 21 (4) , 18-28 . |
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Carbon emission efficiency is the key to measuring the overall level of carbon emissions. Carbon emissions in actual production activities are uncertain, and the measurement results are biased from the perspective of direct carbon emissions. Based on the perspective of implied emission reduction potential, this study differentiates the carbon emission efficiency and emission reduction potential of different disposability, under the semi -disposability hypothesis, the interval number E-DEA model of the undesirable output is proposed. Then a new production possibility set is constructed to solve the overlapping problem of interval planning. Finally, the proposed method is applied to measure the emission reduction potential of 30 provinces in China. The results indicate that the weak disposability hypothesis always underestimates the emission reduction potential. The strong disposability hypothesis always overestimates the emission reduction potential. While the semi -disposability hypothesis can evaluate the emission reduction potential more scientifically and reasonably, tak-ing into account the influence of different technical characteristics or the managerial capacity of decision -makers.
Keyword ：
Carbon emission efficiency Carbon emission efficiency E-DEA model E-DEA model Emission reduction potential Emission reduction potential Interval number Interval number Semi -disposability Semi -disposability
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Xu , Chen, Lei , Wang, Junchao et al. The impact of disposability characteristics on carbon efficiency from a potential emissions reduction perspective [J]. | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION , 2023 , 408 . |
| MLA | Guo, Xu et al. "The impact of disposability characteristics on carbon efficiency from a potential emissions reduction perspective" . | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 408 (2023) . |
| APA | Guo, Xu , Chen, Lei , Wang, Junchao , Liao, Lihuan . The impact of disposability characteristics on carbon efficiency from a potential emissions reduction perspective . | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION , 2023 , 408 . |
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个人信息保护公益诉讼能否适用惩罚性赔偿的争议较大.从二者的价值、功能、目的等法理基础上分析,应准许原告在公益诉讼中提出惩罚性赔偿的请求.由于该制度能够起到私益救济的作用但同时具备惩罚性质,因此应当谨慎适用.为了防止泛化适用该项制度,应在构成要件、数额确定的考量因素、遵循过罚相当原则方面对其进行制约.惩罚性赔偿的适用应具备侵权行为人主观故意、信息处理行为的不法性、造成严重结果等构成要件.该项制度应定位为公法规制的补充手段,若行政罚款、刑事罚金已经能够实现惩戒目的,那么惩罚性赔偿就不应当适用.
Keyword ：
个人信息保护公益诉讼 个人信息保护公益诉讼 惩罚性赔偿 惩罚性赔偿 私人执法 私人执法 过罚相当 过罚相当
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| GB/T 7714 | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿的适用及规制研究 [J]. | 宁夏大学学报（人文社会科学版） , 2023 , 45 (6) : 138-145 . |
| MLA | 廖丽环 et al. "个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿的适用及规制研究" . | 宁夏大学学报（人文社会科学版） 45 . 6 (2023) : 138-145 . |
| APA | 廖丽环 , 俞程 . 个人信息保护公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿的适用及规制研究 . | 宁夏大学学报（人文社会科学版） , 2023 , 45 (6) , 138-145 . |
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Purpose Safety efficiency is the key to balance safety and production in construction industry; but the existing safety efficiency evaluation methods have the limitations of overestimating efficiency and ignoring undesirable outputs; therefore, according to the characteristics of safety production in construction industry, this paper innovatively develops a new cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis method to analyze safety efficiency, which can solve the limitations of traditional methods; and then the safety efficiency and its influencing factors of China's construction industry are analyzed, and some useful conclusions are obtained to improve its safety efficiency. Design/methodology/approach A new cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis method with undesirable outputs is proposed; and the two-stage efficiency analysis framework is designed. Findings First, the construction industries in different areas have different reasons for affecting their safety efficiency; second, the evaluation results of global safety priority tend to be more acceptable; third, frequent safety accidents and low resource utilization lead to a slow downward trend of the safety efficiency of China's construction industry in the long run; fourth, construction engineering supervision, construction industrial scale, and construction industrial structure have the significant impact on safety efficiency. Originality/value Theoretically, a new cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis method with undesirable outputs is proposed for evaluating safety efficiency; practically, the safety efficiency and its influencing factors of China's construction industry are analyzed.
Keyword ：
Construction industry Construction industry Cross evaluation Cross evaluation Data envelopment analysis Data envelopment analysis Safety efficiency Safety efficiency Undesirable outputs Undesirable outputs
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| GB/T 7714 | Liao, Li-Huan , Chen, Lei , Chang, Yu . A new cross-efficiency DEA approach for measuring the safety efficiency of China's construction industry [J]. | KYBERNETES , 2022 . |
| MLA | Liao, Li-Huan et al. "A new cross-efficiency DEA approach for measuring the safety efficiency of China's construction industry" . | KYBERNETES (2022) . |
| APA | Liao, Li-Huan , Chen, Lei , Chang, Yu . A new cross-efficiency DEA approach for measuring the safety efficiency of China's construction industry . | KYBERNETES , 2022 . |
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以事后救济为主的环境公益诉讼并不能完全实现原环境的恢复,环境议题从事后救济到事前预防的转捩,促就了预防性环境民事公益诉讼的因应.预防性环境民事公益诉讼的本质是通过诉讼程序落实风险管控的公法责任以发挥法院的环境规制作用,并弥补行政规制的不足.但既有预防性环境民事公益诉讼的规则过于模糊,存在适用盲点,亟需梳理内在规范构造.具体而言,以重大风险为启动前提,但应从"质"与"量"二维标准加以界定;以污染行为和破坏生态行为为审查对象,但应着力于以行为为主附带结果的审查标准;以公共利益为保护对象,但应区分环境公益与环境私益的实质内涵和顺位选择;以法律规定的机关与组织为诉讼主体,但应授予公民原告资格并肯定行政机关的独立参与人身份.除此之外,诉讼参与人之间的风险交流有助于推动预防性环境民事公益诉讼的进程,未来制度改革上应致力于商谈主义司法的形塑,通过强化法院职权以敦促风险交流的充分展开,最终促进法院环境规制权能的完善.
Keyword ：
原告 原告 商谈主义司法 商谈主义司法 环境消费利益 环境消费利益 预防性环境民事公益诉讼 预防性环境民事公益诉讼
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| GB/T 7714 | 廖丽环 . 预防性环境民事公益诉讼的规范构造 ——以《关于审理环境民事公益诉讼案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第1条为中心 [J]. | 北京科技大学学报（社会科学版） , 2021 , 37 (1) : 66-73 . |
| MLA | 廖丽环 . "预防性环境民事公益诉讼的规范构造 ——以《关于审理环境民事公益诉讼案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第1条为中心" . | 北京科技大学学报（社会科学版） 37 . 1 (2021) : 66-73 . |
| APA | 廖丽环 . 预防性环境民事公益诉讼的规范构造 ——以《关于审理环境民事公益诉讼案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第1条为中心 . | 北京科技大学学报（社会科学版） , 2021 , 37 (1) , 66-73 . |
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运用数据包络分析和空间计量研究方法对中国义务教育资源配置效率进行时空分析,借助空间计量模型分析政府关注度、科技发展环境、经济发展环境、对外开放度、义务教育规模和城乡人口结构等六个因素对义务教育资源配置效率的影响.结果 显示:中国整体义务教育资源配置效率呈下降趋势,区域发展不均衡;义务教育资源配置效率存在显著的空间正相关性,资源配置同类型的省域表现出显著的空间集聚现象,且集聚区域呈扩张趋势;区域间资源配置效率的空间依赖和空间溢出效应显著.
Keyword ：
义务教育均衡 义务教育均衡 数据包络分析 数据包络分析 空间计量 空间计量 资源配置效率 资源配置效率
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈磊 , 刘顺利 , 廖丽环 . 基于空间视角的中国义务教育资源配置效率研究 [J]. | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） , 2021 , (1) : 16-22,29 . |
| MLA | 陈磊 et al. "基于空间视角的中国义务教育资源配置效率研究" . | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） 1 (2021) : 16-22,29 . |
| APA | 陈磊 , 刘顺利 , 廖丽环 . 基于空间视角的中国义务教育资源配置效率研究 . | 北京化工大学学报（社会科学版） , 2021 , (1) , 16-22,29 . |
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