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学者姓名：李沿海
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Abstract ：
This paper considers three promotion scenarios, namely seller-leading promotion, platform-leading pro-motion, and no-leader promotion, and reveals the optimal strategy and decision patterns for these three scenarios using a stylised model and lab experiments. We focus on three research questions for the seller and platform as follows: (1) Which is the optimal choice between unilateral and bilateral promotion un-der different promotion scenarios? (2) How will the promotion scenarios affect their joint promotion? (3) To a seller/platform, is it always better to proactively initiate promotion event? Result shows that the optimal promotion strategy varies from Seller Promotion Only to joint promotion and then to Platform Promotion Only, along with an increasing commission rate. Joint promotion is optimal only when the commission rate is moderate and when the product's list price is relatively high. The promotion scenario affects the scope and intensity of joint promotion and the profit of the entities. The joint promotion leader has the first-mover advantage, which helps him/her offer fewer coupons but obtain higher profits. To a platform or seller, launching promotion events proactively is not always the best choice. Experi-ments show that the subjects behaved as predicted. Moreover, the subjects demonstrate distinct decision patterns under different promotion scenarios. Ultimately, our conclusions can provide valuable decision -making guidance to marketing managers in the online marketplace. They can also choose appropriate scenarios on the basis of certain promotion objectives with knowing decision patterns under each sce-nario. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Behavioural experiment Behavioural experiment Coupon Coupon E-commerce E-commerce Joint promotion Joint promotion Online marketplace Online marketplace
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| GB/T 7714 | Cheng, Xianghui , Deng, Shiming , Jiang, Xuan et al. Optimal promotion strategies of online marketplaces [J]. | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2023 , 306 (3) : 1264-1278 . |
| MLA | Cheng, Xianghui et al. "Optimal promotion strategies of online marketplaces" . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 306 . 3 (2023) : 1264-1278 . |
| APA | Cheng, Xianghui , Deng, Shiming , Jiang, Xuan , Li, Yanhai . Optimal promotion strategies of online marketplaces . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2023 , 306 (3) , 1264-1278 . |
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在两级供应链中，零售商需要向供应商采购产品以满足随机的市场需求，供应商需要在市场需求观测到之前进行备货。供应商的自有资金是有限的，在必要时可向银行借款。在完全竞争的资本市场中，银行会根据贷款数量以及相应的风险决定其利率，使其期望回报率等于无风险利率。为了降低供应商的融资成本，促使其提高备货量，零售商有动机为供应商提供贷款担保。供应商和零售商进行Stackelberg博弈，首先由零售商决定采购价格和担保比例，然后由供应商决定备货量。供应商和零售商均为风险中性的决策者，以最大化自身期望利润为目标。研究结果表明：对给定的采购价格和担保比例，供应商的期望利润是其备货量的拟凹（quasi-concave）函数，其最优备货量是唯一的。零售商的最优策略是提供全额担保，零售商的最优期望利润是供应商自有资金的减函数。本文还讨论了存在破产成本的情形，发现破产成本不利于零售商，但不会改变零售商的最优担保策略。
Keyword ：
买方担保 买方担保 供应商融资 供应商融资 有限担保比例 有限担保比例 破产成本 破产成本 资金约束 资金约束
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| GB/T 7714 | 李沿海 , 赵玲 . 供应商融资中买方的最优担保策略 [J]. | 中国管理科学 , 2023 , 31 (10) : 12-19 . |
| MLA | 李沿海 et al. "供应商融资中买方的最优担保策略" . | 中国管理科学 31 . 10 (2023) : 12-19 . |
| APA | 李沿海 , 赵玲 . 供应商融资中买方的最优担保策略 . | 中国管理科学 , 2023 , 31 (10) , 12-19 . |
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<正>研究背景对装配系统供应链的管理是全球供应链管理领域面临的最复杂的情景之一。以航空制造业为例,波音公司直接管理着分布于全球几十个国家和地区的近900家供应商。尽管研发与生产的外包能够降低波音的成本,但对客户的交付却受到每一个零部件供应商的供给能力和金融风险的威胁。事实上,中小供应商资金短缺的现象在汽车和航空等复杂制造业非常常见,特别是近年来的全球金融危机、新冠疫情等不确定性事件给供应链带来的全面、复杂的影响,也使得供应链中的金融风险管理成为企业界和学术界的焦点之一。
Keyword ：
供应链融资 供应链融资 供应链金融模式 供应链金融模式
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| GB/T 7714 | 邓世名 , 顾超成 , 蔡港树 et al. 装配系统中的供应链融资策略 [J]. | 供应链管理 , 2022 , 3 (02) : 97 . |
| MLA | 邓世名 et al. "装配系统中的供应链融资策略" . | 供应链管理 3 . 02 (2022) : 97 . |
| APA | 邓世名 , 顾超成 , 蔡港树 , 李沿海 . 装配系统中的供应链融资策略 . | 供应链管理 , 2022 , 3 (02) , 97 . |
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In this paper we consider a risk-averse newsvendor to assemble a final product that is made up of multiple complementary components, where both the product demand and the supply capacity of each component are random. A novel approach is proposed to derive the first-order condition for the optimal order quantity under the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) criterion. A comprehensive comparative statics analysis is conducted. The basic model is also extended to allow dependence among the random demand and supply capacities. We show that the objective function remains to be quasi-concave if those random variables are negatively dependent, and that the positive (negative) dependence of those random variables increases (decreases) the optimal order quantity and objective value. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate some of the main results. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Assembly system Assembly system Conditional value-at-risk Conditional value-at-risk Inventory Inventory Random capacity Random capacity Risk-aversion Risk-aversion
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen . Replenishment decisions for complementary components with supply capacity uncertainty under the CVaR criterion [J]. | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2022 , 297 (3) : 904-916 . |
| MLA | Li, Yanhai et al. "Replenishment decisions for complementary components with supply capacity uncertainty under the CVaR criterion" . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 297 . 3 (2022) : 904-916 . |
| APA | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen . Replenishment decisions for complementary components with supply capacity uncertainty under the CVaR criterion . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2022 , 297 (3) , 904-916 . |
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In this paper, we analyze an endogenous determination of a credit guarantee provided by a downstream buyer to a capital-constrained supplier to help the latter access a bank loan. Specifically, the capital -constrained supplier, who relies on bank loans to finance its production, sells a product to the buyer during a single selling season. When offering a purchase contract to the supplier, the buyer has the op-tion to decide how much to guarantee in the supplier's loan payments. Although buyer-provided credit guarantee secures a required supply quantity and reduces the purchase price paid to the supplier (by lowering the supplier's financing costs), it results in financial losses for the buyer when the supplier's realized revenue is not sufficient for repaying the loan. Hence, there exists a tradeoff between the value and cost in designing an appropriate credit guarantee scheme. We explicitly characterize the optimal credit guarantee policy and identify the conditions under which full guarantee is optimal. Furthermore, we show that bankruptcy cost plays a critical role in the impact of the supplier's wealth on the buyer's profit. The buyer is better off working with a less wealthy supplier if there is no bankruptcy cost, but this may not be the case when the bankruptcy cost is high. With buyer-provided guarantee, the existence of bankruptcy cost may incentivize the buyer to provide (ex post) bailout to rescue a supplier that is prone to bankruptcy. We show that the bailout option improves the buyer's profit, although it does not affect the optimality of implementing a full guarantee policy (ex ante).(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Bankruptcy cost Bankruptcy cost Capital constraint Capital constraint Credit guarantee Credit guarantee Supplier finance Supplier finance Supply chain management Supply chain management
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen , Gu, Chaocheng . Buyer guarantee and bailout in supplier finance with bankruptcy cost [J]. | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2022 , 305 (1) : 287-299 . |
| MLA | Li, Yanhai et al. "Buyer guarantee and bailout in supplier finance with bankruptcy cost" . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 305 . 1 (2022) : 287-299 . |
| APA | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen , Gu, Chaocheng . Buyer guarantee and bailout in supplier finance with bankruptcy cost . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2022 , 305 (1) , 287-299 . |
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Abstract ：
企业为下游买方提供赊销，由于大量的资金被应收账款占用，企业可能因资金不足而无法生产足够的产品。企业可以通过保理(出售应收账款)进行融资，减小需求损失。在离散时间多周期的确定需求下，使用决策变量描述各周期的系统状态及其状态转移方程，将此问题建模为线性规划。通过分析此问题的结构特点，再提出了一种新颖且等价的建模方法，可以有效减少决策变量和约束条件的数量。在连续时间模型和混合模型中，这种建模方法同样适用，将优化问题写为连续线性规划，极大地降低了优化问题的复杂度。此连续线性规划问题可通过适当的区间划分进行离散化，用分片常量函数代替优化模型中的一般函数(无限维)决策变量，通过求解有限维线性规划得到原问题...
Keyword ：
保理 保理 应收账款 应收账款 线性规划 线性规划 贴现 贴现 资金约束 资金约束
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| GB/T 7714 | 李沿海 , 胡夏莲 . 确定性需求下的最优保理融资与生产策略 [J]. | 运筹与管理 , 2022 , 31 (03) : 233-239 . |
| MLA | 李沿海 et al. "确定性需求下的最优保理融资与生产策略" . | 运筹与管理 31 . 03 (2022) : 233-239 . |
| APA | 李沿海 , 胡夏莲 . 确定性需求下的最优保理融资与生产策略 . | 运筹与管理 , 2022 , 31 (03) , 233-239 . |
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基于委托代理理论研究了阶梯激励合约下的代理人行为,并从委托人角度探讨了最优合约设计的问题。在一般市场需求分布和代理人效用函数下,代理人的效用可能是其努力水平的双峰函数,且存在一个阈值使得当合约绩效奖励超过该阈值时,代理人的努力水平"跳跃式"增加。通过比较阶梯激励合约与其他两类激励合约发现,当代理人是风险厌恶型且代理人的产出完全依赖于其努力水平,委托人总是更偏好阶梯激励合约。
Keyword ：
委托代理 委托代理 线性激励合约 线性激励合约 绩效目标激励合约 绩效目标激励合约 阶梯激励合约 阶梯激励合约
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| GB/T 7714 | 顾超成 , 周子轩 , 邓世名 et al. 阶梯激励合约下代理人行为与合约激励效果 [J]. | 运筹与管理 , 2021 , 30 (01) : 198-203 . |
| MLA | 顾超成 et al. "阶梯激励合约下代理人行为与合约激励效果" . | 运筹与管理 30 . 01 (2021) : 198-203 . |
| APA | 顾超成 , 周子轩 , 邓世名 , 李沿海 . 阶梯激励合约下代理人行为与合约激励效果 . | 运筹与管理 , 2021 , 30 (01) , 198-203 . |
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当零售商缺乏足够的资金用于订货时,可在供应商的担保下向银行借款。供应商和零售商在批发价格合约的框架下进行Stackelberg博弈。供应商是风险中性的,零售商是风险厌恶的,按照条件风险值(CVaR)准则进行决策。研究表明:随着零售商自有资金及其风险厌恶程度的增大,均衡的订货量和供应商的期望利润会降低,供应链的总期望利润也会降低。相比于无担保贷款的情形,供应商提供担保可以提高自身和供应链的期望利润。数值例子表明,当零售商的自有资金较小时,供应商的担保不利于零售商;反之,供应商的担保可提高零售商的绩效。最后,将模型扩展至供应商为风险厌恶的情形,发现当供应商的风险厌恶程度超过一定的临界值时,供应商不...
Keyword ：
供应商担保 供应商担保 报童 报童 资金约束 资金约束 风险厌恶 风险厌恶
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| GB/T 7714 | 李沿海 , 欧锦文 . 供应商担保下风险厌恶零售商的融资决策 [J]. | 系统管理学报 , 2021 , 30 (03) : 539-551 . |
| MLA | 李沿海 et al. "供应商担保下风险厌恶零售商的融资决策" . | 系统管理学报 30 . 03 (2021) : 539-551 . |
| APA | 李沿海 , 欧锦文 . 供应商担保下风险厌恶零售商的融资决策 . | 系统管理学报 , 2021 , 30 (03) , 539-551 . |
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The credit limit is the maximum amount of accounts payable (AP) that a firm owes to its supplier. This limit establishes a tie between the effective purchasing cost and the order quantity as well as the AP level. We present a multi-period stochastic inventory model with payment delay and credit limit. Our model aims to capture the property of the optimal ordering policy with respect to the AP and inventory states. For the backlogging and lost-sales cases, we present the method to reduce the dimension of state space. In both cases, the optimal order quantity is demonstrated to be decreasing in the AP and inventory level of each age. In addition, the sensitivity of the optimal order quantity with respect to the AP decreases with age. That is, the optimal order quantity is more sensitive to the younger AP. In the backlogging case, the base-stock policy is not optimal due to the presence of credit limits. Somewhat surprisingly, our numerical example shows that the optimal order quantity is not necessarily increasing in the credit limit. Finally, based on the L-convexity of the cost-to-go function, we design a linear programming greedy heuristic policy for the infinite-horizon version of our model with independent and identically distributed demands. Numerical results show that our heuristic policy performs well.
Keyword ：
credit limit credit limit inventory control inventory control L-convexity L-convexity payment delay payment delay
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yanhai , Gu, Chaocheng , Chen, Wenbo . Dynamic inventory control with payment delay and credit limit [J]. | NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS , 2021 , 69 (2) : 271-286 . |
| MLA | Li, Yanhai et al. "Dynamic inventory control with payment delay and credit limit" . | NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS 69 . 2 (2021) : 271-286 . |
| APA | Li, Yanhai , Gu, Chaocheng , Chen, Wenbo . Dynamic inventory control with payment delay and credit limit . | NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS , 2021 , 69 (2) , 271-286 . |
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A firm (assembler) faces random demand for a final product which is made up of multiple complementary components. Before demand is realized, the firm purchases the components via a regular channel. After demand realization, unsatisfied demand is allowed to be partially backordered in case of component shortages, where the firm is assumed to have an option to purchase the components via an emergency channel with a relatively higher unit cost. The firm needs to adopt an appropriate ordering policy to maximize the spectral risk measure of its profit. We formulate and transform the newsvendor problem into a concise optimization problem which can be further decomposed into two sub-problems. We provide optimality properties and show that the objective function of each sub-problem is separable, which enables us to determine the optimal order quantity of each component independently. We show that the optimal order quantity of each component decreases in the firm's level of risk-aversion. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of our solution method and examine the impacts of lost sales and risk attitude on the optimal solutions. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Complementary components Complementary components Emergency replenishment Emergency replenishment Inventory Inventory Partial backordering Partial backordering Spectral risk measure Spectral risk measure
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen . Optimal ordering policy for complementary components with partial backordering and emergency replenishment under spectral risk measure [J]. | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2020 , 284 (2) : 538-549 . |
| MLA | Li, Yanhai et al. "Optimal ordering policy for complementary components with partial backordering and emergency replenishment under spectral risk measure" . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 284 . 2 (2020) : 538-549 . |
| APA | Li, Yanhai , Ou, Jinwen . Optimal ordering policy for complementary components with partial backordering and emergency replenishment under spectral risk measure . | EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH , 2020 , 284 (2) , 538-549 . |
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