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学者姓名：胡训宇
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Abstract ：
Skarn-type Pb (lead)-Zn (zinc) polymetallic deposits are not only important sources of Pb and Zn but also critical metals such as Cd, In, Ge, and Ga. Significant numbers of skarn-type (or magmato-hydrothermal) Pb-Zn deposits have been identified within the Xuancheng ore district of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt of eastern China. However, these Pb-Zn deposits are understudied compared to the well-documented porphyry-type Cu-Au, skarn-type Cu-W and Cu-Mo deposits within this district. In addition, the controls and nature of the deportment of critical metals within Pb-Zn deposits also remain poorly constrained, including identification of substitution processes and the sources of these metals within these Pb-Zn systems. The potential genetic link between the Maweishan deposit and the adjacent Qiaomaishan deposit also remains uncertain, with some research considering that the Maweishan deposit is a distal part of the Qiaomaishan skarn system whereas other research suggests that these are independent skarn systems. This study addresses these issues using new evidence of the timing of mineralization obtained by the in-situ U-Pb dating of the garnet from the Maweishan deposit. This garnet yields a well-defined lower-intercept U-Pb age of 132.3 + 1.4 Ma, consistent with a zircon U-Pb age for the proximal Maweishan quartz diorite (132.4 + 0.9 Ma). This, combined with the spatial relationships of alteration and mineralization within the deposit, strongly suggests that the proximal quartz diorite is genetically related to the formation of the Maweishan deposit and this deposit is not a distal manifestation of the Qiaomaishan skarn system. Sphalerite from the Maweishan deposit also contains high levels of the critical metals Cd [3480-5107 parts per million (ppm)], In (78.3-407 ppm) and Ga (22.4-348 ppm). The Cd2+ within this sphalerite was incorporated into the mineral lattice by direct substitution for Zn2+, whereas the uniform concentrations of In3+ in all three types of sphalerites is indicative of incorporation by the adsorption or capture of homogeneous In nanoparticles. The Ga3+ within the Maweishan deposit was predominantly incorporated into sphalerite as a result of coupled substitution with Cu+ replacing 2Zn2+, with the Ag+ + Ga3+ coupled substitution for 2Zn2+ also involved in the incorporation of Ga into the Sp2 sphalerite. The narrow range of sulfur isotopes (delta 34S from 4.9 %o to 8.3 %o, average of 5.8 %o) for sulfides within the Maweishan deposit combined with the new garnet trace element data and elemental maps presented in this study suggests that the metals and fluids that formed the Maweishan were primarily derived primarily from the proximal quartz diorite. These sulfur isotopic data also indicate that a small amount of metals or sulfur were derived from the surrounding country rocks. These data provide new insights into critical metal mineralization associated with Pb-Zn deposits in the Xuancheng ore district, where regional folding concentrated ore-forming fluids that generated both 139 Ma Cu-W and 132 Ma Pb-Zn mineralization events, indicating that this structural zone is an ideal area for future exploration within the Xuancheng district and in other areas with similar characteristics.
Keyword ：
Critical metals Critical metals garnet U-Pb dating garnet U-Pb dating Skarn deposit Skarn deposit Sphalerite Sphalerite Xuancheng ore district Xuancheng ore district
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Yue , Yuan, Feng , Jowitt, Simon M. et al. Genesis of the Maweishan Pb-Zn deposit, eastern China and controls on the distribution and formation of sphalerite-hosted critical metal (Cd, Ga, and In) mineralization [J]. | ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS , 2025 , 181 . |
| MLA | Li, Yue et al. "Genesis of the Maweishan Pb-Zn deposit, eastern China and controls on the distribution and formation of sphalerite-hosted critical metal (Cd, Ga, and In) mineralization" . | ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS 181 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, Yue , Yuan, Feng , Jowitt, Simon M. , Zhou, Taofa , Liu, Guangxian , Hu, Xunyu et al. Genesis of the Maweishan Pb-Zn deposit, eastern China and controls on the distribution and formation of sphalerite-hosted critical metal (Cd, Ga, and In) mineralization . | ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS , 2025 , 181 . |
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Abstract ：
Altered rock type deposits are significant gold deposits widely distributed throughout the world, having important economic and industrial value. The Eastern Shandong Peninsula is the third largest gold mining camps in the world with known gold reserves of more than 5300 tons. The majority of the gold deposits here are located in three main orefields, namely the northwest Jiaodong (Laizhou-Zhaoyuan), the Qixia-Penglai-Fushan, and the Muping-Rushan orefields. The Hongbu deposit is a medium-sized altered rock type deposit within the northwest Jiaodong orefield. With decades of mining, the Hongbu deposit faces the dilemma of resource depletion and loss of undigitized data. Therefore, prospecting and exploration have to focus on deep and peripheral areas of known Au mineralization. This study built a three-dimensional model of the Hongbu deposit and sliced it to obtain nine cross-sections to conduct multi-field coupled numerical simulation (including heat conduction, fluid migration, chemical reaction, and material migration). Locations with relatively developed Au mineralization (the top 15 % within the concentration range of Au) are defined as having metallogenic potential, which are highlighted and projected to the geological map of the Hongbu district. The results also show that the spatial distributions of Au mineralization within these nine sections are different, indicating that the formation of Au mineralization is controlled by the morphology of the Hexi fault (other simulation parameters of these nine sections are the same) and the pyrite sericite cataclasite. This research proves that numerical simulation methods is effective in mineral exploration, especially for those areas with insufficient data to use data-driven prospectivity modeling approaches. Future development into both mathematical geosciences and computational science will provide more detailed answers for remaining hot issues related to mineral exploration.
Keyword ：
Altered rock type deposit Altered rock type deposit Eastern Shandong Peninsula Eastern Shandong Peninsula Hongbu Hongbu Metallogenic potential Metallogenic potential Numerical simulation Numerical simulation
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| GB/T 7714 | Hu, Xunyu , Chen, Ruyi , Liu, Guangxian et al. Numerical simulation-based targeting of the Au mineralization within the Hongbu Altered Rock type gold deposit, Eastern Shandong Peninsula, China [J]. | JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION , 2024 , 265 . |
| MLA | Hu, Xunyu et al. "Numerical simulation-based targeting of the Au mineralization within the Hongbu Altered Rock type gold deposit, Eastern Shandong Peninsula, China" . | JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION 265 (2024) . |
| APA | Hu, Xunyu , Chen, Ruyi , Liu, Guangxian , Wang, Kun , Yang, Hui , Chen, Yuhua et al. Numerical simulation-based targeting of the Au mineralization within the Hongbu Altered Rock type gold deposit, Eastern Shandong Peninsula, China . | JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION , 2024 , 265 . |
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