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Single-shot incoherent multifunctional image differentiation with spatial tiling optical convolution SCIE
期刊论文 | 2025 , 188 | OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
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Abstract :

Incoherent optical spatial differentiation may allow high speed, low computational power and low latency image processing. However, it is a great challenge to directly design an optical convolutional kernel containing negative values for image differentiation. Therefore, polarization or wavelength-multiplexed bipolar point spread functions (PSFs) followed by digital subtraction is proposed to achieve incoherent optical edge detection. Unfortunately, these methods will increase the device design complexity and only support single isotropic edge detection. Here we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a single-shot incoherent multifunctional image differentiation with spatial tiling optical convolution. As a proof of concept, we specially designed four spatial tiling non-negative optical convolutional kernels based on 4f system through inverse design method, and simultaneously realized three types of spatial differential operators. The x and y directions spatial differentiation and isotropic edge detection can be experimentally demonstrated simultaneously after digital subtraction. Our solution is capable of relaxing device complexity, increasing scalability and facilitating intelligent design, which is of great significance for accelerating machine vision tasks under incoherent illumination.

Keyword :

Edge detection Edge detection Inverse design Inverse design Multifunction Multifunction Optical convolution Optical convolution Spatial differentiation Spatial differentiation

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GB/T 7714 Huang, Feng , Zhu, Guofeng , Chang, Weijie et al. Single-shot incoherent multifunctional image differentiation with spatial tiling optical convolution [J]. | OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 188 .
MLA Huang, Feng et al. "Single-shot incoherent multifunctional image differentiation with spatial tiling optical convolution" . | OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY 188 (2025) .
APA Huang, Feng , Zhu, Guofeng , Chang, Weijie , Sun, Cheng , Wang, Hewen , Yi, Baoliang et al. Single-shot incoherent multifunctional image differentiation with spatial tiling optical convolution . | OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 188 .
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All-in-fiber label-free biochemical sensors by femtosecond laser processing SCIE
期刊论文 | 2025 , 51 (1) | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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Abstract :

Femtosecond laser has emerged as a valuable tool for the fabrication of optical fiber sensors with novel microstructures, due to its ultrashort pulse width and extremely high peak intensity. By focusing the laser beam within materials, nonlinear interaction is induced within the focal volume, enabling the manufacture of unprecedented microstructure fibers. In this review, we give a comprehensive introduction to the emerging fiber optic biochemical sensors realized by femtosecond laser technology. Firstly, we discuss three processing schemes and their corresponding advantages according to the different fabrication effects, which involves undeformative, subtractive, and additive processing. Additionally, benefited from adaptive optics, the precision and flexibility of fiber micro-fabrication can be enhanced by the multi-dimensional dynamic modulation of pulsed beams. Subsequently, we summarize all-in-fiber biochemical sensors fabricated by femtosecond laser in terms of operation principles, device structures, fabrication methods, and innovative biochemical functionalities, respectively. Finally, we evaluate the advantages of femtosecond laser processing for fiber sensor fabrication over existing manufacturing technologies, and discuss the challenges and potential opportunities for biochemical applications.

Keyword :

Adaptive optics Adaptive optics Biochemical sensors Biochemical sensors Femtosecond laser Femtosecond laser Label-free Label-free Microstructure Microstructure

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GB/T 7714 Chang, Weijie , Xu, Shengyao . All-in-fiber label-free biochemical sensors by femtosecond laser processing [J]. | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL , 2025 , 51 (1) .
MLA Chang, Weijie et al. "All-in-fiber label-free biochemical sensors by femtosecond laser processing" . | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL 51 . 1 (2025) .
APA Chang, Weijie , Xu, Shengyao . All-in-fiber label-free biochemical sensors by femtosecond laser processing . | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL , 2025 , 51 (1) .
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基于超构表面的快照压缩光谱成像系统设计
期刊论文 | 2025 , 45 (8) , 170-179 | 光学学报
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传统光谱成像系统主要依赖于空间或时间扫描,存在时-空-谱高分辨率相互制约的问题.提出了基于超构表面的快照压缩光谱成像系统,利用超构表面实现高效光谱编码,提出窗口化通道注意力深度展开网络,实现高质量光谱重建.采用二值化形状的超构原子,在保证超构原子可加工性的同时,丰富了可供挑选的超构原子库,同时提出基于融入光场振幅和相位的特征学习的窗口化通道注意力深度展开网络,通过一幅二维灰度图像重建出具有高空间分辨率、光谱分辨率和时间分辨率的三维高光谱图像.利用公开数据集CAVE和KAIST分别在无噪声和标准差为0.1的高斯噪声下进行了仿真验证,在450~650 nm的可见光波段实现了28个通道的光谱成像,这两个数据集的平均峰值信噪比(PSNR)分别达到39.3 dB和38.69 dB,结构相似度(SSIM)分别达到0.986和0.980,重建速率达到了30 Hz.所提系统具有良好的鲁棒性,为实现实时高分辨小型化的可见光光谱成像系统提供了新思路,解决了传统光谱成像系统时-空-谱高分辨率难以兼顾的问题,未来在航空航天、机器视觉等领域拥有广阔的应用前景.

Keyword :

光谱成像 光谱成像 超构表面 超构表面 通道注意力 通道注意力 随机滤波片 随机滤波片 频域先验 频域先验

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GB/T 7714 徐圣瑶 , 胡智杰 , 伍艺忠 et al. 基于超构表面的快照压缩光谱成像系统设计 [J]. | 光学学报 , 2025 , 45 (8) : 170-179 .
MLA 徐圣瑶 et al. "基于超构表面的快照压缩光谱成像系统设计" . | 光学学报 45 . 8 (2025) : 170-179 .
APA 徐圣瑶 , 胡智杰 , 伍艺忠 , 黄峰 , 常卫杰 . 基于超构表面的快照压缩光谱成像系统设计 . | 光学学报 , 2025 , 45 (8) , 170-179 .
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Design of Snapshot Compression Spectral Imaging System Based on Metasurfaces EI
期刊论文 | 2025 , 45 (8) | Acta Optica Sinica
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Objective Traditional spectral imaging systems, which rely on spatial or temporal scanning, face significant limitations in practical applications, including narrow spectral coverage, low photon throughput due to sequential acquisition, and the unresolved tradeoff between spatial resolution and spectral fidelity. To address these challenges, we propose a metasurface-enabled snapshot compressive spectral imaging system, which fundamentally redefines the system architecture through two key innovations: 1) a spectrally-encoded metasurface array that performs parallel light field manipulation across 28 spectral channels within the visible range (450-650 nm); 2) a physics-informed window channel attention-deep unfolding network (WCA-DUN) that synergizes computational optics with deep learning for real-time hyperspectral cube reconstruction. Compared to existing snapshot spectral imaging systems based on coded apertures or dispersive optical elements, our approach leverages the unique capability of metasurfaces to engineer spectral-spatial responses at subwavelength scales, enabling a compact, lightweight, and integrated spectral imaging system. Methods In this paper, we design a snapshot compressive spectral imaging system based on a metasurface array. By leveraging this metasurface array for efficient spectral encoding and integrating the proposed WCA-DUN algorithm, real-time hyperspectral image reconstruction with high spectral resolution can be achieved. For the metasurface design, a randomly generated binary pattern is used to construct a meta-atom library. This approach enriches the meta-atom library while ensuring the minimum feature size, making fabrication easier. Meta-atoms with low correlation are selected using the Pearson correlation coefficient as criteria. For the reconstruction algorithm, we propose the WCA-DUN algorithm, which integrates window segmentation into channel attention, achieving a larger receptive field to capture more global information. In addition, it combines amplitude and phase feature learning of the optical field to suppress artifacts and minimize cross-talk between spectral channels. Results and Discussions Our system demonstrates excellent robustness to noise. The reconstruction results of our proposed system decrease by only 0.61 dB in PSNR under Gaussian noise, while the results of other existing systems (GAP-TV, ADMM-net, and PnP) decrease by 4.58, 0.56, and 9.1 dB, respectively. Moreover, our system achieves a significantly faster reconstruction speed. Compared to systems using traditional iterative algorithms, our proposed system improves the reconstruction speed by three orders of magnitude. In addition, our algorithm ensures both high reconstruction speed and spectral reconstruction accuracy, outperforming depth-unfolding-network-based algorithms. Specifically, a reconstruction rate of 30 Hz can be achieved with a spectral resolution of 1 nm. Conclusions In summary, we propose a novel snapshot-based compressive spectral imaging system based on a metasurface array, enabling real-time hyperspectral image reconstruction with high spectral resolution. By leveraging the unique capabilities of metasurfaces to manipulate light at subwavelength scales, the designed metasurface array facilitates the development of a compact, lightweight, and high-performance spectral camera with superior spatiotemporal resolution. To achieve real-time and high-fidelity hyperspectral reconstruction, we introduce WCA-DUN, a deep unfolding network framework that synergistically integrates computational optics with deep learning. This advanced approach not only enhances reconstruction accuracy but also significantly improves processing efficiency, making real-time applications feasible. The proposed system provides a groundbreaking solution to the long-standing tradeoff between spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions in spectral imaging. By overcoming the fundamental limitations of traditional systems, it enables broader spectral coverage, higher photon throughput, and superior resolution without the need for bulky optical components or mechanical scanning. While our current implementation focuses on the visible range, the system architecture and design methodology can be easily extended to other spectral regions, including the near-infrared and terahertz ranges. This adaptability makes it a promising candidate for a wide range of applications, such as aerospace exploration, remote sensing, biomedical imaging, and machine vision, where compact and high-resolution spectral imaging is crucial. We believe that this innovation will pave the way for the next generation of spectral imaging technologies, driving advancements across multiple scientific and industrial fields. © 2025 Chinese Optical Society. All rights reserved.

Keyword :

Image coding Image coding Image segmentation Image segmentation Optical correlation Optical correlation Photointerpretation Photointerpretation Spectral resolution Spectral resolution

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GB/T 7714 Xu, Shengyao , Hu, Zhijie , Wu, Yizhong et al. Design of Snapshot Compression Spectral Imaging System Based on Metasurfaces [J]. | Acta Optica Sinica , 2025 , 45 (8) .
MLA Xu, Shengyao et al. "Design of Snapshot Compression Spectral Imaging System Based on Metasurfaces" . | Acta Optica Sinica 45 . 8 (2025) .
APA Xu, Shengyao , Hu, Zhijie , Wu, Yizhong , Huang, Feng , Chang, Weijie . Design of Snapshot Compression Spectral Imaging System Based on Metasurfaces . | Acta Optica Sinica , 2025 , 45 (8) .
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Near-Perfect Linear Terahertz Polarization Converter Design Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm EI
期刊论文 | 2025 , 43 (11) , 5407-5413 | Journal of Lightwave Technology
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Polarization conversion is an important technique for converting the polarization state of electromagnetic waves. Based on the Fabry-Pérot (F-P) resonance enhancement in a multilayer metasurface structure, the reverse design of a broadband, highlyefficient and adjustable terahertz polarization converter using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is demonstrated. The device is composed of three layers of metasurfaces cascaded together. The outer two layers are a pair of orthogonal grating structures, the middle layer is a sawtooth grating structure with a 45° angle to both sides of the grating, and the medium between the layers is air. Single-layer metasurfaces were prepared using femtosecond laser micro-machining, assembled through a cage structure, and the interlayer spacing was adjusted using two precision translation stages. The device was characterized using time-domain terahertz spectroscopy, and the experimental results were highly consistent with simulations, with a conversion efficiency of over 90%. In addition, the operating frequency of the device can be changed by adjusting the interlayer spacing. The F-P interference effect in the triple-layer structure plays a major role in the excellent characteristics of this device. The device structure can be used in the design of other adjustable/reconfigurable optical devices. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

Keyword :

Fabry-Perot interferometers Fabry-Perot interferometers Femtosecond lasers Femtosecond lasers Fiber optic sensors Fiber optic sensors Laser beam machining Laser beam machining Laser materials processing Laser materials processing Micromachining Micromachining Nonlinear programming Nonlinear programming Photoelectric microscopes Photoelectric microscopes Shape optimization Shape optimization Structural optimization Structural optimization Terahertz spectroscopy Terahertz spectroscopy Terahertz waves Terahertz waves

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GB/T 7714 Chen, Yanqing , Huang, Feng , Wu, Xianyu et al. Near-Perfect Linear Terahertz Polarization Converter Design Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm [J]. | Journal of Lightwave Technology , 2025 , 43 (11) : 5407-5413 .
MLA Chen, Yanqing et al. "Near-Perfect Linear Terahertz Polarization Converter Design Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm" . | Journal of Lightwave Technology 43 . 11 (2025) : 5407-5413 .
APA Chen, Yanqing , Huang, Feng , Wu, Xianyu , Xu, Shengyao , Su, Haobin , Liang, Beiyuan et al. Near-Perfect Linear Terahertz Polarization Converter Design Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm . | Journal of Lightwave Technology , 2025 , 43 (11) , 5407-5413 .
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INformer: Inertial-Based Fusion Transformer for Camera Shake Deblurring SCIE
期刊论文 | 2024 , 33 , 6045-6056 | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
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Inertial measurement units (IMU) in the capturing device can record the motion information of the device, with gyroscopes measuring angular velocity and accelerometers measuring acceleration. However, conventional deblurring methods seldom incorporate IMU data, and existing approaches that utilize IMU information often face challenges in fully leveraging this valuable data, resulting in noise issues from the sensors. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a multi-stage deblurring network named INformer, which combines inertial information with the Transformer architecture. Specifically, we design an IMU-image Attention Fusion (IAF) block to merge motion information derived from inertial measurements with blurry image features at the attention level. Furthermore, we introduce an Inertial-Guided Deformable Attention (IGDA) block for utilizing the motion information features as guidance to adaptively adjust the receptive field, which can further refine the corresponding blur kernel for pixels. Extensive experiments on comprehensive benchmarks demonstrate that our proposed method performs favorably against state-of-the-art deblurring approaches.

Keyword :

Camera shake deblurring Camera shake deblurring deformable attention deformable attention inertial measurement units inertial measurement units

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GB/T 7714 Ren, Wenqi , Wu, Linrui , Yan, Yanyang et al. INformer: Inertial-Based Fusion Transformer for Camera Shake Deblurring [J]. | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING , 2024 , 33 : 6045-6056 .
MLA Ren, Wenqi et al. "INformer: Inertial-Based Fusion Transformer for Camera Shake Deblurring" . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 33 (2024) : 6045-6056 .
APA Ren, Wenqi , Wu, Linrui , Yan, Yanyang , Xu, Shengyao , Huang, Feng , Cao, Xiaochun . INformer: Inertial-Based Fusion Transformer for Camera Shake Deblurring . | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING , 2024 , 33 , 6045-6056 .
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End-to-end optimization of single-shot monocular metasurface camera for RGBD imaging SCIE
期刊论文 | 2024 , 566 | OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
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RGBD cameras that capture color and depth information have a wide range of applications such as robotics, autonomous driving, and cons umer electronics. Traditional RGBD imaging usually requires multi-cameras or extra active illumination which inevitably leads to bulky or complex imaging systems, hindering the growing demand for compact integrated optical devices. Optical metasurface have emerged as a powerful substitute to the traditional diffractive optical element due to the superior dispersion manipulation and extremely compact size. However, it is still a great challenge to realize a single-shot monocular metasurface camera, due to the strong and unignorable wavelength-dependent aberrations. In this work, we demonstrate an end-to-end compact single-shot monocular metasurface camera for RGBD imaging. By utilizing end-to-end joint optimization framework to learn metasurface physical structure in conjunction with deep neural networks reconstruction algorithm, the multidimensional light field information RGBD of a scene in a single shot can be reconstructed within a depth range of 0.5 m. Compared with traditional lens-based RGBD imaging, our proposed metasurface-based imaging achieves an improvement of about 2 dB in chromatic imaging and a 4 times increase in depth estimation accuracy. Our proposed scheme could facilitate the further development of the intelligent computational meta-optics in diverse fields ranging from machine vision to biomedical imaging.

Keyword :

Computational imaging Computational imaging End -to end joint optimization End -to end joint optimization Metasurface Metasurface RGBD imaging RGBD imaging

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GB/T 7714 Xu, Shengyao , Chi, Chuirong , Zheng, Shuang et al. End-to-end optimization of single-shot monocular metasurface camera for RGBD imaging [J]. | OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS , 2024 , 566 .
MLA Xu, Shengyao et al. "End-to-end optimization of single-shot monocular metasurface camera for RGBD imaging" . | OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 566 (2024) .
APA Xu, Shengyao , Chi, Chuirong , Zheng, Shuang , Chang, Weijie , Huang, Feng . End-to-end optimization of single-shot monocular metasurface camera for RGBD imaging . | OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS , 2024 , 566 .
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Design of Infrared Broadband All-Dielectric Chiral Metasurface for Circular Polarization Detection
期刊论文 | 2024 , 44 (23) | ACTA OPTICA SINICA
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Objective Chiral-effect-based metasurfaces provide a new solution for the design of circular polarized light (CPL) detectors due to their high design flexibility and compact structure. However, the design of polarization-sensitive chiral metasurfaces still faces challenges in high bandwidth, high circular dichroism (CD), and high extinction ratios. To further enhance the extinction ratio performance of infrared circular polarization detectors and achieve higher CD and extinction ratios over a wide bandwidth, we propose a silicon-based two-dimensional chiral metasurface for circular polarization detection, thereby promoting the practical application of circular polarization detection. Methods We design and propose a high-performance, broadband all-dielectric two-dimensional chiral metasurface for circular polarization detection, thus achieving high bandwidth, high CD, and high transmittance. Firstly, a chiral meta-atom with a high degree of freedom is introduced, composed of a lateral rectangle and two pairs of center-symmetric trapezoids, one large and one small (trapezoid (1) and trapezoid (2)). Subsequently, based on the finite-difference time-domain method, an optimization objective function targeting high CD is established. Meanwhile, a chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to conduct a global search in high-dimensional space, ultimately leading to a high-performance chiral metasurface for circular polarization detection. Results and Discussions The designed infrared broadband chiral metasurface enables efficient transmission of left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) incident light, achieving maximum transmittance of 95 %. After passing through the chiral metasurface, the polarization state of LCP light is converted to right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) light, with extinction effects on RCP incident light shown (Figs. 2 and 3). When LCP light is incident, the device demonstrates high transmittance characteristics due to strong coupling effects and localized field enhancement between the LCP light and the metasurface structure, whereas it exhibits high reflectance characteristics under RCP incidence (Fig. 4). By adjusting the geometric parameters of the device, both the operating bandwidth and CD can be tuned (Fig. 5). Given the current levels of micro-nano fabrication technology, we further analyze the influence of the sharp tip structure of the meta-atom on the device's CD. The results indicate that rounding the tip reduces the extinction ratio at 1.65 mu m, with minimal influence on the device's CD within the operating bandwidth, thus demonstrating sound manufacturability (Fig. 6). Conclusions We design a silicon-based all-dielectric chiral metasurface for circular polarization detection, thereby achieving extinction ratio performance superior to that of other reported two-dimensional chiral metasurface devices for circular polarization detection. Additionally, it can function as a half-wave plate for LCP light while blocking the transmission of RCP light within the continuous wavelength range of 1416-1742 nm. The maximum circular dichroism reaches 0.94, the maximum extinction ratio (ER) is 42 dB, and the transmittance is 95 %, with excellent polarization characteristics shown at 1.65 mu m. The designed all-dielectric two-dimensional chiral metasurface possesses features such as high bandwidth, high transmittance, high CD, and easy manufacturing. It can be fabricated by adopting semiconductor manufacturing techniques compatible with standard CMOS technology, thereby presenting significant application potential in near-infrared polarization detection and on-chip polarization imaging systems.

Keyword :

circular dichroism circular dichroism circular polarization circular polarization extinction ratio extinction ratio metasurface metasurface polarization detection polarization detection

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GB/T 7714 Chang, Weijie , Lin, Xiaohui , Li, Jinping et al. Design of Infrared Broadband All-Dielectric Chiral Metasurface for Circular Polarization Detection [J]. | ACTA OPTICA SINICA , 2024 , 44 (23) .
MLA Chang, Weijie et al. "Design of Infrared Broadband All-Dielectric Chiral Metasurface for Circular Polarization Detection" . | ACTA OPTICA SINICA 44 . 23 (2024) .
APA Chang, Weijie , Lin, Xiaohui , Li, Jinping , Huang, Feng , Xu, Shengyao . Design of Infrared Broadband All-Dielectric Chiral Metasurface for Circular Polarization Detection . | ACTA OPTICA SINICA , 2024 , 44 (23) .
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红外宽带圆偏振探测全介质手性超构表面设计
期刊论文 | 2024 , 44 (23) , 245-251 | 光学学报
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针对偏振探测手性超构表面难以实现大带宽、高圆二色性和高消光比的设计挑战,利用粒子群算法设计出一种硅基全介质二维手性超构表面.仿真结果表明,该器件在1416~1742 nm的工作波段内可作为左旋圆偏振光的二分之一波片并阻挡右旋圆偏振光的透射,平均圆二色性值为0.72且最大值达0.94,消光比达42 dB,透射率达95%,同时实现了高透过率、高圆二色性以及大带宽,且具有易制造、易集成等优点.

Keyword :

偏振探测 偏振探测 圆二色性 圆二色性 圆偏振 圆偏振 消光比 消光比 超构表面 超构表面

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GB/T 7714 常卫杰 , 林晓晖 , 李晋平 et al. 红外宽带圆偏振探测全介质手性超构表面设计 [J]. | 光学学报 , 2024 , 44 (23) : 245-251 .
MLA 常卫杰 et al. "红外宽带圆偏振探测全介质手性超构表面设计" . | 光学学报 44 . 23 (2024) : 245-251 .
APA 常卫杰 , 林晓晖 , 李晋平 , 黄峰 , 徐圣瑶 . 红外宽带圆偏振探测全介质手性超构表面设计 . | 光学学报 , 2024 , 44 (23) , 245-251 .
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Frequency Response Enhancement of f-OTDR Using Interval-Sweeping Pulse Equivalent Sampling Based on Compressed Sensing SCIE
期刊论文 | 2023 , 41 (2) , 768-776 | JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
WoS CC Cited Count: 4
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An interval-sweeping pulse equivalent sampling (ISPES) method based on compressed sensing technique is proposed to enhance the frequency response of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (phi-OTDR). The proposed method achieves an equivalent high-sampling-rate acquisition of Rayleigh backscattered signals along each sensing point of the fiber by the interval-sweeping pulse sampling and compressed sensing reconstruction. Meanwhile, based on the Whittaker-Shannon interpolation formula, the observation matrix corresponding to the interval-sweeping pulse sampling is successfully constructed and proved, which is easy to implement in hardware. In experiments, an ultrasonic signal with a frequency up to 28 kHz at the end of a 4.4-km sensing fiber is accurately identified by using this method, which outperforms other compressed-sensing-based methods. And multi-frequency vibration signals are also accurately detected. Besides, this method performs signal compression while sampling. The number of samples is only 13.3% of the reconstructed data, significantly reducing the amount of data acquisition/transmission/storage. Therefore, the proposed method can effectively enhance the frequency response of phi-OTDR to sparse-wideband vibration signals without any hardware modification. It also has great advantages in reducing the hardware burden and improving the response speed.

Keyword :

Compressed sensing Compressed sensing fiber optics sensors fiber optics sensors frequency response frequency response non-uniform sampling non-uniform sampling phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry

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GB/T 7714 Xiao, Zhenyu , Yuan, Xueguang , Zhang, Yang'an et al. Frequency Response Enhancement of f-OTDR Using Interval-Sweeping Pulse Equivalent Sampling Based on Compressed Sensing [J]. | JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY , 2023 , 41 (2) : 768-776 .
MLA Xiao, Zhenyu et al. "Frequency Response Enhancement of f-OTDR Using Interval-Sweeping Pulse Equivalent Sampling Based on Compressed Sensing" . | JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 41 . 2 (2023) : 768-776 .
APA Xiao, Zhenyu , Yuan, Xueguang , Zhang, Yang'an , Xu, Shengyao , Li, Zhengyang , Huang, Yongqing . Frequency Response Enhancement of f-OTDR Using Interval-Sweeping Pulse Equivalent Sampling Based on Compressed Sensing . | JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY , 2023 , 41 (2) , 768-776 .
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