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学者姓名：崔明娟
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Abstract ：
One-phase-low-pH method is a simple, efficient and easy-to-use biogrouting method for biomineralization based on an Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) process. This method utilizes the low-pH biotreatment solution (a mixture of urease solution and cementation solution) to provide a lag period for the biomineralization process, allowing the biotreatment solution to be uniformly distributed within the soil and thereby improving the uniform distribution of calcium carbonate. The existing one-phase-low-pH method uses a low pH urease solution to prepare the biotreatment solution. However, long-term exposure to a low pH environment may result in a decrease in activity or even inactivation of urease, which is not conducive to the practical application of this technology. In this study, a modified one-phase-low-pH method using low pH cementation solution is proposed. Three sets of tests, including urease activity durability tests, solution tests, and sand column treatment tests, were conducted in this study to clarify the necessity and feasibility of the modified method. The test results showed that the acidic environment accelerated the decrease of urease activity over time. This phenomenon would be more pronounced at a lower pH, and urease would be immediately inactive at a pH lower than 4.5. Meanwhile, a high chemical concentration would also lead to a decrease in activity or even inactivation of urease. If urease is active and the initial pH of the biotreatment solution is higher than 4.5, the pH of the biotreatment solution will rapidly rise to a weakly alkaline state and enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation can occur. A biotreatment solution that would produce relatively uniform biomineralization can be prepared by using cementation solution with a pH range of 1.25-3.5 and bacterial urease solution in a volume ratio of 1:1. For the sand column with relatively uniform biomineralization, the pH of the cementation solution (or the initial pH of the biotreatment solution) has a negligible effect on the strength enhancement for similar calcium carbonate content.
Keyword ：
Biomineralization Biomineralization Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) Low pH cementation solution Low pH cementation solution One-phase-low-pH biogrouting method One-phase-low-pH biogrouting method Urease activity Urease activity
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Yi-Wei , Cui, Ming-Juan , Lai, Han-Jiang et al. Modified one-phase-low-pH EICP method using low-pH cementation solution for soil biomineralization [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2025 . |
| MLA | Chen, Yi-Wei et al. "Modified one-phase-low-pH EICP method using low-pH cementation solution for soil biomineralization" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA (2025) . |
| APA | Chen, Yi-Wei , Cui, Ming-Juan , Lai, Han-Jiang , Zheng, Jun-Jie , Ren, Yu-Xiao . Modified one-phase-low-pH EICP method using low-pH cementation solution for soil biomineralization . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2025 . |
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Biomineralization based on bacterial enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (BEICP) process is a promising alternative to cement-based ground treatment technology. The bacterial urease used in BEICP process is usually ultrasonic extracted from urease-producing bacteria. To efficiently extract urease with relatively higher activity from bacterial cells, the ultrasonic extraction parameters of urease were optimized in this study. Next, a series of bacterial urease extraction tests and sand column treatment tests were conducted to investigate the effects of vibration amplitude, upper temperature limit, and cooling method on the urease extraction process and biomineralization of sand. The results show that the upper temperature limit is an important factor affecting the extraction efficiency and the activity of the extracted urease solution, and the optimum upper temperature limit is 50 degrees C. The results indicate that increasing vibration amplitude could improve the extraction efficiency, but it hardly affects the urease activity (UA) under the optimal temperature. Continuous cooling could effectively simplify the operation and further improve the efficiency of urease extraction. Under the same urease activity of biotreatment solution, there is no marked difference in calcium carbonate content (CCC) and unconfined compressive strength of biomineralized sand columns prepared by urease solution extracted with different vibration amplitudes and upper temperature limits. The results of this study could provide a reference for application of BEICP technology of urease extraction to large-scale soil treatment. (c) 2025 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ 4.0/).
Keyword ：
Bacterial enzyme induced carbonate Bacterial enzyme induced carbonate Biomineralization Biomineralization precipitation (BEICP) precipitation (BEICP) Soil improvement Soil improvement Ultrasound Ultrasound Urease extraction Urease extraction
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Hanjiang , Chen, Yiwei , Cui, Mingjuan et al. Extraction of high activity bacterial urease and its application to biomineralization of soil [J]. | JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING , 2025 , 17 (3) : 1847-1861 . |
| MLA | Lai, Hanjiang et al. "Extraction of high activity bacterial urease and its application to biomineralization of soil" . | JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 17 . 3 (2025) : 1847-1861 . |
| APA | Lai, Hanjiang , Chen, Yiwei , Cui, Mingjuan , Zheng, Junjie , Chen, Zhibo . Extraction of high activity bacterial urease and its application to biomineralization of soil . | JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING , 2025 , 17 (3) , 1847-1861 . |
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Abstract ：
Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technique has the potential to be an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for engineering problems. Despite the extensive amount of research that has been conducted recently on the MICP technique, there are few studies on the constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens. In this study, the statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens was established based on the statistical theory and damage mechanics theory. The proposed model assumed that the microelement strength of biocemented sand follows the lognormal distribution and the Drucker-Prager criterion. The parameters S0 and F0 in the constitutive model were determined, and their physical significance was then discussed. The reasonableness of the proposed model was verified by comparing the theoretical results and the experimental results. The evolution of the damage variable (D), parameter S0, and parameter F0 with different calcium carbonate content (CCC) was analyzed. The statistical damage model based on the lognormal distribution was then compared with that based on the Weibull distribution. The results show that the parameter F0 and S0 can reflect the limiting strength and brittleness of MICP-treated specimens.. The specimens with higher cementation tend to have a higher accelerated damage rate. The damage variables eventually reach a stable value as the axial deformation increases. The proposed model can reflect the strain softening and strain hardening phenomena well, which can also represent the shear expansion and shear contraction characteristics of the volume strain curve. Overall, the research in this study can provide some theoretical support for the engineering application of MICP-treated specimens.
Keyword ：
Calcium carbonate content Calcium carbonate content Damage intrinsic model Damage intrinsic model Drucker-Prager criterion Drucker-Prager criterion Lognormal distribution Lognormal distribution Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP)
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| GB/T 7714 | Jiang, Qiwu , Huang, Ming , Xu, Kai et al. Statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens based on lognormal distribution [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2025 , 20 (4) : 1759-1775 . |
| MLA | Jiang, Qiwu et al. "Statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens based on lognormal distribution" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA 20 . 4 (2025) : 1759-1775 . |
| APA | Jiang, Qiwu , Huang, Ming , Xu, Kai , Cui, Mingjuan , Li, Shuang , Jin, Guixiao . Statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens based on lognormal distribution . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2025 , 20 (4) , 1759-1775 . |
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An innovative microbial remediation protocol is proposed to overcome critical limitations of conventional microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) for concrete crack repair. The method integrates pH preconditioning of Sporosarcina pasteurii with a bioadditive-assisted crystallization strategy to address microbial inactivation under highly alkaline conditions, inefficient calcium utilization, and structural instability caused by metastable vaterite formation. Acidification to pH 5.5 preserved 78 % of urease activity at pH 12.5 by stabilizing bacterial zeta potential, while a composite bioadditive composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and colloidal silica nanoparticles reduced the critical nucleation radius by 29 %, enhancing calcite crystal formation. Mechanical testing showed a 26.8 % increase in flexural strength and an 88.7 % calcium utilization rate, with durability evaluations confirming stable crack sealing over 180 thermal-humidity cycles. Field-scale application to a deteriorated underground garage demonstrated 92 % void-filling efficiency and compressive strength recovery from 28.5 MPa to 41.2 MPa. The developed protocol eliminates the need for carrier materials and reduces carbon emissions, establishing a scalable and sustainable framework for infrastructure rehabilitation. These results highlight the potential of synergistic biological and material strategies for advancing next-generation self-healing concrete technologies. © 2025
Keyword ：
Bending strength Bending strength Bending tests Bending tests Biological materials preservation Biological materials preservation Carbon carbon composites Carbon carbon composites Compression testing Compression testing Compressive strength Compressive strength Cracks Cracks Fracture testing Fracture testing Hardness testing Hardness testing High performance concrete High performance concrete Self compacting concrete Self compacting concrete Self-healing materials Self-healing materials Tensile testing Tensile testing
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Wangqing , Lai, Hanjiang , Cui, Mingjuan et al. Synergistic pH-bioadditive strategy for self-healing concrete: Achieving high-efficiency calcite crystallization and sustainable infrastructure rehabilitation [J]. | Construction and Building Materials , 2025 , 484 . |
| MLA | Xu, Wangqing et al. "Synergistic pH-bioadditive strategy for self-healing concrete: Achieving high-efficiency calcite crystallization and sustainable infrastructure rehabilitation" . | Construction and Building Materials 484 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Wangqing , Lai, Hanjiang , Cui, Mingjuan , Zheng, Junjie . Synergistic pH-bioadditive strategy for self-healing concrete: Achieving high-efficiency calcite crystallization and sustainable infrastructure rehabilitation . | Construction and Building Materials , 2025 , 484 . |
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Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)is an emanating,eco-friendly and potentially sound technique that has presented promise in various geotechnical applications.However,the durability and microscopic characteristics of EICP-treated specimens against the impact of drying-wetting(D-W)cycles is under-explored yet.This study investigates the evolution of mechanical behavior and pore charac-teristics of EICP-treated sea sand subjected to D-W cycles.The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)tests,synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography(micro-CT),and three-dimensional(3D)recon-struction of CT images were performed to study the multiscale evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under the effect of D-W cycles.The potential correlations between microstructure characteristics and macro-mechanical property deterioration were investigated using gray relational analysis(GRA).Results showed that the UCS of EICP-treated specimens decreases by 63.7％after 15 D-W cycles.The proportion of mesopores gradually decreases whereas the proportion of macropores in-creases due to the exfoliated calcium carbonate with increasing number of D-W cycles.The micro-structure in EICP-reinforced sea sand was gradually disintegrated,resulting in increasing pore size and development of pore shape from ellipsoidal to columnar and branched.The gray relational degree suggested that the weight loss rate and UCS deterioration were attributed to the development of branched pores with a size of 100-1000 μm under the action of D-W cycles.Overall,the results in this study provide a useful guidancee for the long-term stability and evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under D-W weathering conditions.
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| GB/T 7714 | Ming Huang , Kai Xu , Zijian Liu et al. Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand [J]. | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） , 2024 , 16 (1) : 291-302 . |
| MLA | Ming Huang et al. "Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand" . | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） 16 . 1 (2024) : 291-302 . |
| APA | Ming Huang , Kai Xu , Zijian Liu , Chaoshui Xu , Mingjuan Cui . Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand . | 岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版） , 2024 , 16 (1) , 291-302 . |
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Abstract ：
TBM 隧道中豆砾石作为管片与围岩填充层对管片承载及抗渗具有重要意义，水泥浆液流动性差，无法充满回填层进而导致壁后空洞、灌浆不密实等缺陷，酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术（EICP）是作为一种环保高效的加固方法，灌浆材料均为液体具有很好的流动性和扩散性，用于豆砾石回填层灌浆施工有望解决上述问题。为实现吹填豆粒石EICP灌浆最优效果，尝试将标准砂与豆砾石共同作为回填骨料，为定量化分析二者的最优配合比，开展了不同豆砾石与砂的配合比（0.5、0.75、1.0、1.25、1.5）和不同灌浆次数（9、12、15次）的砂柱固化试验。通过无侧限抗压测试、渗透性测试、碳酸钙含量测定、超声波速测定、SEM微观分析，从宏观和微观角度分析不同石砂配合比对EICP固化效果的影响。结果表明：EICP加固豆砾石混合砂的最优配比为1:1.5，经15次灌浆加固后，试样单轴抗压强度最高可达4.55 MPa，渗透系数达1.72×10~(-5 )m/s；对于含砂量较高的试样，颗粒间孔隙易被碳酸钙晶体填充密实，碳酸钙晶体有效胶结比例较高，结石体无侧限抗压强度较高。研究成果可为EICP技术加固TBM壁后吹填豆粒石的工程应用提供理论依据。
Keyword ：
微观机理 微观机理 无侧限抗压强度 无侧限抗压强度 渗透性 渗透性 豆砾石 豆砾石 酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术(EICP) 酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术(EICP) 隧道掘进机 隧道掘进机
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| GB/T 7714 | 姜启武 , 黄明 , 崔明娟 et al. EICP技术加固TBM壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机理研究 [J]. | 岩土力学 , 2024 , (07) . |
| MLA | 姜启武 et al. "EICP技术加固TBM壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机理研究" . | 岩土力学 07 (2024) . |
| APA | 姜启武 , 黄明 , 崔明娟 , 靳贵晓 , 彭仪欣 . EICP技术加固TBM壁后吹填豆砾石最优配比试验及机理研究 . | 岩土力学 , 2024 , (07) . |
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There are two major challenges for the use of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)-based soil improvement method: cost and treatment effect. Optimizing the parameters of the treatment solution is one way to enhance the treatment effect and/or reduce the treatment cost. In this study, three key factors: the initial pH (i.e. pH0) of the enzyme solution used to prepare the treatment solution (i.e. the mixture of enzyme solution, CaCl2 and urea), the urease activity of the treatment solution and the concentration of cementation solution (i.e. CaCl2 and urea) are investigated. Crude soybean enzyme solution and the one-phase-low-pH injection method are adopted for the treatment of sand. The results show that the pH0 of the enzyme solution affects the urease activity of enzyme and thus the urease activity of the prepared treatment solution. It is discovered in this paper that there is a threshold pH value for the treatment solution. Only when the pH of the treatment solution is higher than the threshold pH value, calcium ions convert completely into calcium carbonate. There is also a threshold urease activity which is affected by the concentration of cementation solution, CCS. The optimal CCS is 1.0 M. When the CCS is higher than 1.75 M, the urease activity of soybean enzyme solution would be completely lost. These findings are important in guiding the application of EICP treatment using the crude soybean enzyme in real soil improvement projects.
Keyword ：
Crude soybean enzyme Crude soybean enzyme Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Influencing factors Influencing factors Soil improvement Soil improvement
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) : 1611-1625 . |
| MLA | Cui, Ming-Juan et al. "Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA 19 . 3 (2024) : 1611-1625 . |
| APA | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) , 1611-1625 . |
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Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP)is a promising technique in geoenvironmental engineering. The metabolic activity of bacteria is sensitive to external magnetic fields,which will affect the CaCO3 crystal morphology. Therefore,nano-Fe3 O4 was utilized to investigate the influence of magnetic materials on MICP. Both MICP in solution environment and MICP on a quartz sand surface were investigated with different nano-Fe3 O4 content. The calcium carbonate content (CCC),crystal types and unconfined compressive strength were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)and uniaxial compression test. Furthermore,a series of tests were conducted to reveal the mechanism of the effect of nano-Fe3 O4 on MICP. The results showed that the optical density at 600 nm of bacteria (OD600)and bacterial activity increased with an increase in nano-Fe3 O4 content. In the solution environment,the crystal type of CaCO3 was primarily vaterite,with little calcite,and it was confirmed by TG-DTA testing that nano-Fe3 O4 could facilitate the formation of vaterite. Additionally,the unconfined compressive strength (UCS)and calcium carbonate content of MICP-treated sand increased with an increase in nano-Fe3 O4 content. Interestingly,CaCO3 presented in the form of spheres in the solution environment,while it was in the form of rhomboid imbricate on the surface of quartz sand particles. © 2024 Cailiao Daobaoshe/ Materials Review. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Compression testing Compression testing Compressive strength Compressive strength Coprecipitation Coprecipitation Layered semiconductors Layered semiconductors Morphology Morphology Nanocrystalline materials Nanocrystalline materials Sand Sand Single crystals Single crystals
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Shuang , Huang, Ming , Cui, Mingjuan et al. Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation [J]. | Materials Reports , 2024 , 38 (20) . |
| MLA | Li, Shuang et al. "Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation" . | Materials Reports 38 . 20 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, Shuang , Huang, Ming , Cui, Mingjuan , Hu, Xinhang , Xu, Kai , Jiang, Qiwu . Study on the Effect and the Mechanism of Nano-Fe3O4 on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation . | Materials Reports , 2024 , 38 (20) . |
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Microbially or enzyme induced carbonate precipitation has emerged to be a new type of soil improvement method. However, it appears that the biocementation process is affected by many factors and a common understanding on the control factors on the biocement effect has not been reached. This paper attempts to identify the main factors that controlling the MICP or EICP effect through an in-depth discussion on the fundamentals of biocementation process. Similar to other cemented granular materials, biocemented soil is a structural soil composite consisting of soil skeleton and biocement force chain or biocement network. The strength and stiffness of the biocemented soil is controlled by the reinforcement effect of the biocement network on the soil skeleton or the interplay of the soil skeleton and precipitates. The contribution of the strength by soil skeleton is affected by the soil types and soil properties, while the contribution of the precipitates is through the distribution of the biocement network and the properties of the precipitates. © 2024
Keyword ：
Biocementation Biocementation Influencing factor Influencing factor Mechanism Mechanism Strength enhancement Strength enhancement
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, H. , Ding, X. , Cui, M. et al. Factors affecting the effectiveness of biocementation of soil [J]. | Biogeotechnics , 2024 , 2 (3) . |
| MLA | Lai, H. et al. "Factors affecting the effectiveness of biocementation of soil" . | Biogeotechnics 2 . 3 (2024) . |
| APA | Lai, H. , Ding, X. , Cui, M. , Zheng, J. , Chu, J. , Chen, Z. . Factors affecting the effectiveness of biocementation of soil . | Biogeotechnics , 2024 , 2 (3) . |
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In this study, enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) combined with chitosan curing technology was used to improve the mechanical properties of standard sand, and the curing effect of EICP combined with different chitosan contents was studied by macroscopic tests, such as the unconfined compressive strength test, direct shear test, and calcium carbonate content test, and microscopic tests, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results show that compared with the pure EICP treatment, the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, and calcium carbonate content of the sand treated by EICP combined with chitosan were significantly improved, and increased first and then decreased with the increase of chitosan content, reaching the maximum value when the content is 1.5%. The calcium carbonate content is positively correlated with the strength, indicating that calcium carbonate crystals can effectively play a role in filling and cementation. After the incorporation of chitosan, the shape of calcium carbonate crystals is still mainly spherical, but the number and volume become larger. At the same time, the incorporation of chitosan can greatly reduce the proportion of large pores and medium pores, significantly increasing the proportion of small pores, which greatly improves the pore structure.
Keyword ：
Chitosan Chitosan Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Soil improvement Soil improvement Soybean urease Soybean urease Strength Strength
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Zheng, Junjie et al. Strength Investigation of Sand Treated by Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation Combined with Chitosan [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS , 2024 , 24 (6) . |
| MLA | Cui, Meng et al. "Strength Investigation of Sand Treated by Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation Combined with Chitosan" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS 24 . 6 (2024) . |
| APA | Cui, Meng , Xiong, Huihui , Zheng, Junjie , Cui, Mingjuan , Lv, Suying , Han, Shangyu . Strength Investigation of Sand Treated by Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation Combined with Chitosan . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS , 2024 , 24 (6) . |
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