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学者姓名：赖汉江
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Abstract ：
There are two major challenges for the use of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)-based soil improvement method: cost and treatment effect. Optimizing the parameters of the treatment solution is one way to enhance the treatment effect and/or reduce the treatment cost. In this study, three key factors: the initial pH (i.e. pH0) of the enzyme solution used to prepare the treatment solution (i.e. the mixture of enzyme solution, CaCl2 and urea), the urease activity of the treatment solution and the concentration of cementation solution (i.e. CaCl2 and urea) are investigated. Crude soybean enzyme solution and the one-phase-low-pH injection method are adopted for the treatment of sand. The results show that the pH0 of the enzyme solution affects the urease activity of enzyme and thus the urease activity of the prepared treatment solution. It is discovered in this paper that there is a threshold pH value for the treatment solution. Only when the pH of the treatment solution is higher than the threshold pH value, calcium ions convert completely into calcium carbonate. There is also a threshold urease activity which is affected by the concentration of cementation solution, CCS. The optimal CCS is 1.0 M. When the CCS is higher than 1.75 M, the urease activity of soybean enzyme solution would be completely lost. These findings are important in guiding the application of EICP treatment using the crude soybean enzyme in real soil improvement projects.
Keyword ：
Crude soybean enzyme Crude soybean enzyme Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation Influencing factors Influencing factors Soil improvement Soil improvement
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| GB/T 7714 | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement [J]. | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) : 1611-1625 . |
| MLA | Cui, Ming-Juan 等. "Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement" . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA 19 . 3 (2024) : 1611-1625 . |
| APA | Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian , Lai, Han-Jiang . Optimization of one-phase-low-pH enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation method for soil improvement . | ACTA GEOTECHNICA , 2024 , 19 (3) , 1611-1625 . |
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Abstract ：
Calcium salt is an important contributing factor for calcium-based biomineralization. To study the effect of calcium salt on soil biomineralization using crude soybean urease, the calcium salts, including the calcium chloride (CaCl2), calcium acetate ((CH3COO)2Ca) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), were used to prepare the biotreatment solution to carry out the biomineralization tests in this paper. Two series of biomineralization tests in solution and sand column, respectively, were conducted. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to determine the microscopic characteristics of the precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystals. The experimental results indicate that the biomineralization effect is the best for the CaCl2 case, followed by (CH3COO)2Ca, and worst for Ca(NO3)2 under the test conditions of this study (i.e. 1 mol/L of calcium salt-urea). The mechanism for the effect of the calcium salt on the biomineralization of crude soybean urease mainly involves: (1) inhibition of urease activity, and (2) influence on the crystal size and morphology of CaCO3. Besides Ca2+, the anions in solution can inhibit the activity of crude soybean urease, and NO3− has a stronger inhibitory effect on the urease activity compared with both CH3COO− and Cl−. The co-inhibition of Ca2+ and NO3− on the activity of urease is the key reason for the worst biomineralization of the Ca(NO3)2 case in this study. The difference in biomineralization between the CaCl2 and (CH3COO)2Ca cases is strongly correlated with the crystal morphology of the precipitated CaCO3. © 2024 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Keyword ：
Biomineralization Biomineralization Calcium salt Calcium salt Crude soybean urease Crude soybean urease Influence mechanism Influence mechanism
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| GB/T 7714 | Weng, Y. , Zheng, J. , Lai, H. et al. Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts [J]. | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 16 (5) : 1788-1798 . |
| MLA | Weng, Y. et al. "Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts" . | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 16 . 5 (2024) : 1788-1798 . |
| APA | Weng, Y. , Zheng, J. , Lai, H. , Cui, M. , Ding, X. . Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts . | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering , 2024 , 16 (5) , 1788-1798 . |
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Steel reinforced concrete piles have commonly been adopted as foundations to support container yards in Singapore. However, such a type of foundation causes great difficulties for demolition for future redevelopment. To overcome this problem, a new foundation type has been developed. Non-reinforced rigid inclusion columns together with T-beams are used to support a load transfer platform to provide bearing capacity and reduce settlements for the containers. The arching effect is created in the top sand fill to distribute the loads and control the deformation of the foundation. A conceptual design based on the new approach is proposed. An analytical method is established for the design of the proposed foundation. The key factors controlling the design are discussed. The performance of the proposed foundation is evaluated using 3D finite element analyses.
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Lai, Hanjiang , Wu, Shifan et al. Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard [J]. | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: FOUNDATIONS, RETAINING STRUCTURES, AND GEOSYNTHETICS , 2023 : 105-113 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard" . | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: FOUNDATIONS, RETAINING STRUCTURES, AND GEOSYNTHETICS (2023) : 105-113 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Lai, Hanjiang , Wu, Shifan , Lim, Stephen , Song, Tiancheng , Chu, Jian . Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard . | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: FOUNDATIONS, RETAINING STRUCTURES, AND GEOSYNTHETICS , 2023 , 105-113 . |
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Abstract ：
One of the difficulties for the application of microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) or enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) for soil treatment is to ensure uniformity in the treatment across the whole soil sample or soil profile. Methods that can be adopted to improve the uniformity of MICP or EICP treatment are reviewed and compared. Experimental data are presented to demonstrate that a newly proposed one-phase-low-pH injection method enables better uniformity to be achieved among different methods. Other factors affecting the uniformity of treatment are discussed. Measures to be adopted to enhance the uniformity of MICP or EICP treatment in sand are suggested.
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Wu, Shi-Fan et al. Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand [J]. | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: SOIL IMPROVEMENT, GEOENVIRONMENTAL, AND SUSTAINABILITY , 2023 , 339 : 361-369 . |
| MLA | Lai, Han-Jiang et al. "Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand" . | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: SOIL IMPROVEMENT, GEOENVIRONMENTAL, AND SUSTAINABILITY 339 (2023) : 361-369 . |
| APA | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Wu, Shi-Fan , Chu, Jian . Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand . | GEO-CONGRESS 2023: SOIL IMPROVEMENT, GEOENVIRONMENTAL, AND SUSTAINABILITY , 2023 , 339 , 361-369 . |
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Abstract ：
本发明涉及一种适用于不同尺寸圆柱样直剪试验的剪切盒装置及其应用，该剪切盒装置包括试样剪切盒，试样剪切盒包括上、下叠放在一起的上剪切盒方形实体框架和下剪切盒方形实体框架，上、下剪切盒方形实体框架的中部均开设有圆形通孔，上、下剪切盒方形实体框架的圆形通孔内分别设置有从大到小依次嵌套的上、下剪切盒圆环形适应套，试样剪切盒配设有多个不同尺寸的圆柱形剪切盒，以适应不同的试样尺寸，圆柱形剪切盒设置并贯穿上、下剪切盒方形实体框架中部；圆柱形剪切盒内从下到上依次设置有底部透水块、滤纸、圆柱形试样、滤纸、上部透水块。该剪切盒装置同时适用于圆柱形原状土样或重塑土样的直剪试验，并提高试验的可靠性。
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈志波 , 蔡锦阳 , 潘生贵 et al. 适用于不同尺寸圆柱样直剪试验的剪切盒装置及其应用 : CN202111277276.0[P]. | 2021-10-30 00:00:00 . |
| MLA | 陈志波 et al. "适用于不同尺寸圆柱样直剪试验的剪切盒装置及其应用" : CN202111277276.0. | 2021-10-30 00:00:00 . |
| APA | 陈志波 , 蔡锦阳 , 潘生贵 , 赖汉江 , 曾旭明 , 杨辉 . 适用于不同尺寸圆柱样直剪试验的剪切盒装置及其应用 : CN202111277276.0. | 2021-10-30 00:00:00 . |
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Abstract ：
The performance of geogrid reinforcement is largely influenced by the interlocking effect between the geogrid and soil. To enhance the performance of geogrid reinforcement in sand, a novel biocementation-enhanced geogrid reinforcement method was proposed. Biocementation could be carried out in situ via microbially-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP). To understand the mechanisms of the biocementation enhancement effect, the stress-dilatancy behavior of coarse sand (CS) that was treated with the biocementation-enhanced geogrid reinforcement method was studied through a series of triaxial tests. The test results showed that the interlocking effect between the geogrid and CS could be effectively improved when the CS around the geogrid was biocemented by the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) that was generated in situ through MICP. The stress-dilatancy behavior of geogrid-reinforced CS was significantly enhanced after biocementation. In addition, the interlocking effect that was provided by the geogrid could mitigate or even avoid brittle failure, restrain the further development of dilation, and enhance the mobilization of the friction strength (q(f)) of the biocemented coarse sand (Bio-CS) during shearing.
Keyword ：
Biocementation Biocementation Coarse sand Coarse sand Geogrid reinforcement Geogrid reinforcement Interlocking effect Interlocking effect Stress-dilatancy behavior Stress-dilatancy behavior
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian . Stress-Dilatancy Behavior of Biocementation-Enhanced Geogrid-Reinforced Sand [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS , 2023 , 23 (5) . |
| MLA | Lai, Han-Jiang et al. "Stress-Dilatancy Behavior of Biocementation-Enhanced Geogrid-Reinforced Sand" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS 23 . 5 (2023) . |
| APA | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Chu, Jian . Stress-Dilatancy Behavior of Biocementation-Enhanced Geogrid-Reinforced Sand . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMECHANICS , 2023 , 23 (5) . |
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One nature-based soil improvement method is the Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) approach using the crude soy-bean urease solution. This study aims to investigate the extraction of soybean urease using different contents of ethanol, and its effect on the cementation of EICP-treated sand. Crude urease enzyme was extracted from the soybean powder using the grinding-extraction method with distilled water containing ethanol. The activity of crude soybean urease extracted with various ethanol contents was studied. Sand columns treated using the crude soybean urease were tested to evaluate the calcium carbonate precipitation and unconfined com-pressive strength. The test results show that the proposed extraction method using ethanol can produce clearer crude urease solution from soybean powder. The urease activity and turbidity of the extracted urease enzyme solution are highly dependent on the content of ethanol, with the optimal ethanol content of 20%-30% (v/v) for the preparation of 100 g/L crude soybean urease solution. The extracted relatively clear urease solution contributes to improve the uniformity of calcium carbonate distribution and thus the strength of the EICP-treated sand column. (c) 2023 The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keyword ：
Crude soybean urease solution Crude soybean urease solution EICP EICP Ethanol Ethanol Extraction Extraction Soil cementation Soil cementation
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Wu, Shi-Fan et al. Extraction of crude soybean urease using ethanol and its effect on soil cementation [J]. | SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS , 2023 , 63 (3) . |
| MLA | Lai, Han-Jiang et al. "Extraction of crude soybean urease using ethanol and its effect on soil cementation" . | SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS 63 . 3 (2023) . |
| APA | Lai, Han-Jiang , Cui, Ming-Juan , Wu, Shi-Fan , Yang, Yang , Chu, Jian . Extraction of crude soybean urease using ethanol and its effect on soil cementation . | SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS , 2023 , 63 (3) . |
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Abstract ：
Steel reinforced concrete piles have commonly been adopted as foundations to support container yards in Singapore. However, such a type of foundation causes great difficulties for demolition for future redevelopment. To overcome this problem, a new foundation type has been developed. Non-reinforced rigid inclusion columns together with T-beams are used to support a load transfer platform to provide bearing capacity and reduce settlements for the containers. The arching effect is created in the top sand fill to distribute the loads and control the deformation of the foundation. A conceptual design based on the new approach is proposed. An analytical method is established for the design of the proposed foundation. The key factors controlling the design are discussed. The performance of the proposed foundation is evaluated using 3D finite element analyses. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved.
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, H. , Lai, H. , Wu, S. et al. Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard [C] . 2023 : 105-113 . |
| MLA | Chen, H. et al. "Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard" . (2023) : 105-113 . |
| APA | Chen, H. , Lai, H. , Wu, S. , Lim, S. , Song, T. , Chu, J. . Application of Non-Reinforced Rigid Inclusion Columns as Foundation Support for Container Yard . (2023) : 105-113 . |
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Abstract ：
One of the difficulties for the application of microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) or enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) for soil treatment is to ensure uniformity in the treatment across the whole soil sample or soil profile. Methods that can be adopted to improve the uniformity of MICP or EICP treatment are reviewed and compared. Experimental data are presented to demonstrate that a newly proposed one-phase-low-pH injection method enables better uniformity to be achieved among different methods. Other factors affecting the uniformity of treatment are discussed. Measures to be adopted to enhance the uniformity of MICP or EICP treatment in sand are suggested. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved.
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| GB/T 7714 | Lai, H.-J. , Cui, M.-J. , Wu, S.-F. et al. Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand [C] . 2023 : 361-369 . |
| MLA | Lai, H.-J. et al. "Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand" . (2023) : 361-369 . |
| APA | Lai, H.-J. , Cui, M.-J. , Wu, S.-F. , Chu, J. . Methods for Enhancing Uniformity of Biocementation Treatment in Sand . (2023) : 361-369 . |
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Bioremediation of contaminated solutions has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its wide range of applicability to various types of contaminants and environmental friendliness. Previous studies adequately confirmed the potential of Sporosarcina pasteurii (i.e., S. pasteurii)-based bioremediation for heavy metal contaminated solutions, but they focused mainly on the bioremediation ability of single-heavy-metal contaminated solutions. This study focuses on S. pasteurii-based bioremediation under more complex pollution conditions. A series of laboratory experiments were performed to explore the efficiency and mechanism of S. pasteurii-based bioremediation to heavy metal contaminated solutions under various conditions, including single-heavy-metal pollution condition, heavy metal pollution under high mineral salinity context and multi-heavy-metal pollution scenarios. The results show that S. pasteurii can effectively remove heavy metals such as Cd, Cr(III), and Zn through biomineralization; for the typical range of mineral salinity (including NaCl and KCl) possibly encountered in practice in some contaminated solutions, such as leachate of landfills, the detrimental influence of high mineral salinity on efficiency of S. pasteurii-based bioremediation can be neglected; more importantly, S. pasteurii-based bioremediation can be considered as a potential option for remedying multi-heavy-metal contaminated solutions, though the addition of some heavy metals tends to produce a substantially detrimental influence on the bioremediation ability of S. pasteurii to other heavy metals.
Keyword ：
bioremediation bioremediation heavy metal contaminated solution heavy metal contaminated solution high salinity high salinity multi-heavy-metal pollution multi-heavy-metal pollution Sporosarcina pasteurii Sporosarcina pasteurii
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| GB/T 7714 | Huang, Xiaosong , Zhang, Rongjun , Cui, Mingjuan et al. Experimental Investigation on Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Solution by Sporosarcina pasteurii under Some Complex Conditions [J]. | WATER , 2022 , 14 (4) . |
| MLA | Huang, Xiaosong et al. "Experimental Investigation on Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Solution by Sporosarcina pasteurii under Some Complex Conditions" . | WATER 14 . 4 (2022) . |
| APA | Huang, Xiaosong , Zhang, Rongjun , Cui, Mingjuan , Lai, Hanjiang . Experimental Investigation on Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Solution by Sporosarcina pasteurii under Some Complex Conditions . | WATER , 2022 , 14 (4) . |
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