This　study　addresses　critical　vulnerabilities　in　the　Grand　Canal＇s　centralized　architecture,　including　hydrological　data　tampering　(12　annual　incidents)　and　cross-departmental　sharing　delays　(8.2s).　A　consortium　blockchain　system　incorporating　dynamic　voting　weight　adjustment　based　on　node　reputation　index　(Ri)　in　enhanced　Practical　Byzantine　Fault　Tolerance　(PBFT)　consensus　mechanism　with　63%　consensus　latency　reduction,　alongside　automated　smart　contracts,　reduces　latency　to　3s　(98.7%　improvement),　achieves　100%　tamper　detection,　and　lowers　storage　costs　by　64.9%.　Experimental　validation　under　GB/T　38942-2020　confirms　scalability　and　compliance　with　IEEE　2140-2021　standards.　©　2025　IEEE.