Although　aluminum　(Al)　particles　have　been　widely　applied　in　aerospace　and　missile　technologies,　the　critical　factors　influencing　their　combustion　remain　insufficiently　studied.　To　address　this,　this　work　investigates　the　effects　of　multiple　factors　on　Al　particle　combustion　through　thermodynamic　theoretical　calculations　and　experimental　approaches.　Thermodynamic　results　indicate　that　various　oxidizing　gases　can　chemically　react　with　Al　and　release　heat.　Among　them,　the　reaction　between　Al　and　oxygen　exhibits　the　largest　enthalpy　change　and　Gibbs　free　energy　change.　In　both　Al/O　and　Al/O/C/H　systems,　increasing　temperature　reduces　enthalpy　change　but　enhances　Gibbs　free　energy　change.　Pressure　shows　negligible　effects　on　the　system,　while　the　influence　of　Al　molar　quantity　depends　on　oxygen　atom　availability.　Thermal　analysis　reveals　that　smaller　particle　sizes　significantly　increase　oxidation　rates.　Moreover,　Al　particles　with　different　particle　sizes　can　continue　to　react　until　complete　oxidation　at　a　constant　temperature　of　1400　°C　in　air,　suggesting　that　the　alumina　shell　at　high　temperatures　may　be　loose　and　porous　with　a　non-dense　structure.　Combustion　tests　demonstrate　that　reducing　particle　size　from　25　μm　to　0.1　μm　decreases　ignition　delay　time　by　86　%　and　increases　combustion　temperature　by　30　%.　Similarly,　elevating　oxygen　concentration　or　pressure　reduces　ignition　delay,　enhances　combustion　temperature,　and　improves　combustion　efficiency.　This　study　provides　fundamental　data　support　for　constructing　Al　particle　combustion　models　under　complex　variable　environments.　©　2025　Chinese　Society　of　Particuology　and　Institute　of　Process　Engineering,　Chinese　Academy　of　Sciences