Designing　efficient　adsorbents　for　the　deep　removal　of　refractory　dibenzothiophene(DBT)from　fuel　oil　is　vital　for　addressing　environmental　issues　such　as　acid　rain.Herein,zinc　gluconate　and　urea-derived　porous　carbons　SF-ZnNC-T(T　represents　the　carbonization　temperature)were　synthesized　without　solvents.Through　a　temperature-controlled　process　of＂melting　the　zinc　gluconate　and　urea　mixture,forming　H-bonded　polymers,and　carbonizing　the　polymers,＂the　optimal　carbon,SF-ZnNC-900,was　obtained　with　a　large　surface　area(2280　m2　g-1),highly　dispersed　Zn　sites,and　hierarchical　pore　structures.Consequently,SF-ZnNC-900　demonstrated　significantly　higher　DBT　adsorption　capacity　of　43.2　mg　S　g-1,compared　to　just　4.3　mg　S　g-1　for　the　precursor.It　also　demonstrated　good　reusability,fast　adsorption　rate,and　the　ability　for　ultra-deep　desulfurization.The　superior　DBT　adsorption　performance　resulted　from　the　evaporation　of　residual　zinc　species,which　generated　abundant　mesopores　that　facilitated　DBT　transformation,as　well　as　the　formation　of　Zn-Nx　sites　that　strengthened　the　host-guest　interaction(△E=-1.466　eV).The　solvent-free　synthesized　highly　dispersed　Zn-doped　carbon　shows　great　potential　for　producing　sulfur-free　fuel　oil　and　for　designing　metal-loaded　carbon　adsorbents.