Fire　prevention　and　early　warning　systems　are　essential　to　minimize　fire　risks.　Thermoelectric　(TE)　materials　that　convert　temperature　gradients　into　electrical　signals　offer　a　promising　pathway　for　designing　self-powered　fire-warning　technologies　and　devices;　however,　their　practical　applications　are　often　impeded　by　their　low　output　power,　inefficient　charge　transport,　and　poor　interfacial　compatibility.　Despite　several　relevant　reviews　focusing　on　material　types,　it　has　remained　underexplored　from　a　mechanism-driven　perspective　to　enhance　the　fire　prevention　performance　of　TE　strategies　to　date.　To　fill　this　knowledge　gap,　this　work　aims　to　systematically　review　TE　materials　and　design　strategies,　e.g.,　structural　design,　energy　filtering,　ion　doping,　ionic　thermoelectric　effects,　and　interfacial　engineering.　This　work　highlights　typical　applications　of　TE-driven　fire　prevention　systems,　such　as　wearable　sensors,　distributed　forest　fire　monitoring　networks,　and　intelligent　building　safety　systems.　Finally,　future　directions　are　discussed,　which　include　multifunctional　integration,　durability　under　harsh　conditions,　and　AI-driven　fire　prediction,　paving　the　way　for　developing　intelligent,　self-powered　fire　safety　technologies.　This　work　underpins　how　mechanism-oriented　material　design　advances　next-generation　fire　warning　systems　with　enhanced　sensitivity,　environmental　adaptability,　and　autonomous　operation,　thereby　expediting　the　creation　of　next-generation　fire-prevention　system　and　platform.