Indexed by:
Abstract:
A novel photoelectrochemical sensor based on TiO2/NiPc/ZIF-67 composite was developed for ammonia (NH3) detection in water, showing exceptional sensitivity and selectivity. The sensor was fabricated by depositing TiO2, NiPc, and ZIF-67 onto an ITO electrode. Under optimized conditions, it achieved an ultra-low detection limit of 0.031 nM, surpassing previous reports. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.998) was observed between the relative value of the photocurrent and the logarithm of NH3 concentration over the range of 0.1 nM to 10 mu M. TiO2 ensured stable photocurrent generation, while ZIF-67, a metal-organic framework with polyhedral morphology, adjustable pore size, high surface area (758.6 m2/g BET), and microporous structure, selectively enriched NH3. In competitive adsorption experiments, NH3 exhibited a slower adsorption rate compared to gases like CO, CH4, N2, and O2, minimizing interference. NiPc, a p-type semiconductor with an 18 pi-electron conjugated structure, coordinated with NH3 to promote NH3 oxidation and accelerate the reaction rate. The synergistic effect of NiPc and ZIF-67 enhanced the sensor performance, as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry, which showed that the electrode potential of the oxidation process shifts negatively when both materials were modified on a glassy carbon electrode upon NH3 addition. In real water samples, the sensor displayed high selectivity, with minimal response to common interfering ions such as Cu2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+, ensuring accurate NH3 detection in complex environments.
Keyword:
Reprint 's Address:
Email:
Version:
Source :
WATER RESEARCH
ISSN: 0043-1354
Year: 2025
Volume: 286
1 1 . 5 0 0
JCR@2023
Cited Count:
SCOPUS Cited Count:
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 0